Themed collection Organic chemist’s toolbox

Recently, quinoline has become an essential heterocyclic compound due to its versatile applications in the fields of industrial and synthetic organic chemistry.

Nitrogen containing heterocycles are of immense research interest because they are often found as naturally occurring bioactive compounds.

The review lays emphasis on the significance of 1,2,3-triazoles synthesized via CuAAC reaction having potential to act as anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-tuberculosis, anti-diabetic, and anti-Alzheimer drugs.

Carboxylic acids and their derivatives are ubiquitous compounds in organic chemistry, and are widely commercially available in a large structural variety.

In this review, we try to underscore the applications of intermolecular and intramolecular FC reactions in the total syntheses of natural products and complex molecules, exhibiting diverse biological properties.

N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is frequently used as an aprotic solvent in chemical transformations. It is a multipurpose compound besides being an effective polar aprotic solvent. DMF can be act as a reagent, a catalyst and a stabilizer.

This review is about the momentous evolution of transient directing group assisted C–H functionalizations promoted by three major second row transition metals.

An overview on recent applications of indoles in multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds is provided.

This review describes the recent publications reported on the chemistry of 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehydes. Heterocyclic quinoline ring systems are binary and fused cycles.

In this review, various approaches for the construction of benzofurans as an important moiety in different natural products during the total synthesis of the natural of products are underscored.

Metal-free domino one-pot protocols for quinoline synthesis have been reviewed.

This review focuses on the recent development of efficient, selective, and cheaper hydrosilylation catalyst systems appearing in the last decade.

Pyrrole is widely known as a biologically active scaffold which possesses a diverse nature of activities.

The applications of nitroalkenes in the synthesis of three- to five-membered O, N and S-heterocycles, including natural products are investigated in this review.

This review article gives information about the recent advances in the synthesis of quinoline derivatives by various eco-friendly, green and clean protocols.

Glymes are versatile solvents/regents that have wide applications in many research areas and commercial products.

Carbonylation reactions with a special emphasis on catalyst–product separation techniques are reviewed and discussed.

This review deals with the synthesis, properties and applications of acyl- (1) and sulfonylcarbamates (2) and imido- (3) and acylimidodicarbonates (4), obtained on N-Boc-protection of amides and carbamates, with particular attention to facilitated cleavage of well-known amino-protecting groups. Compounds of type 1 and 2 are easily cleaved, 3 alkylated and cleaved and 4 reduced and transaminated.

The decarboxylative coupling of alkynyl carboxylic acids is an attractive area of research in organic chemistry, because the structure of aryl alkyne is one of the important building blocks for the synthesis of p-conjugated compounds.

This review reports the development of multicomponent reactions over the last 10 years.

A number of multicomponent reactions, homogeneous and heterogeneous acid and base catalyzed, are overviewed.

A green and highly efficient method for the synthesis of (E)-vinyl sulfones promoted by iodine in water has been developed, without transition metal catalysts and ligands.

The dibenziodolium cation displays high catalytic activity for the Knorr-type reactions via binding with the carbonyl O atom.

A small organic molecule was tailored for the efficient synthesis of biphenyl and its derivatives from aryl iodides.

Two experimental techniques of the ketene–imine Staudinger reaction allowed different diastereomers of spiro-indolinone-β-lactams to be obtained.

Tandem N-alkylation/oxidation/second addition reaction to α-cyclopropyl α-imino(thio)esters gave N-alkylated ring-opened products in good yields.

A magnetically recoverable bifunctional catalyst was synthesized and effectively used in Knoevenagel condensation and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition domino reactions.

Alkylation of iminomalonate with Grignard reagents followed by oxidation and allylation gave symmetrical quaternary α-amino diesters. Subsequent desymmetrization of a diol derivative from these products was conducted via asymmetric carbamylation catalyzed by Cu-Bnbox.

A mild one-pot protocol for directly converting sulfonates or sulfonic acids into sulfonyl fluorides was developed.

A sequential one-pot approach to 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles has been developed from α-methylene ketones and aldehydes.

Development of a metal-free methodology for the efficient and general dehydrogenation of amines, accomplished by employing azodicarboxylate as oxidizing agents.

Phosphorylation of thiols has been achieved via K₂CO₃-promoted aerobic oxidative cross-coupling of trialkyl phosphites with thiophenols.

The combination of triethylamine and [Bmim][BF₄] represents a mild method for efficient removal of the Fmoc group.

A convenient and novel approach has been developed for the synthesis of unsymmetrical diaryl sulfides by the reaction of sulfonyl hydrazides with phenols, aromatic amines and heterocycles using a [Bmim][Br] ionic liquid through C–S bonds formation.

BAILs having different structures and their related acidities have been investigated for their role in the esterification of n-butanol with acetic acid, and it was found that IL-5 containing double –SO₃H groups exhibits excellent catalytic activity.

An efficient procedure was developed for the synthesis of aryl sulfides in good to excellent yields using TBAI–HBr system promoted direct sulfenylation of various compounds, such as phenols, pyrazolones, indoles and related heteroarenes.

The multicomponent reaction of 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine with potassium trinitromethane and trinitroethanol was exploited for the first synthesis of the hetaryl trinitroethyl ethers.

A convenient, rapid and metal free synthesis of 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles by [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of nitriles with sodium azide. Cuttlebone as a natural low cost heterogeneous catalyst affords 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles rapidly with high efficiency.

An iron(II) bromide-catalyzed oxidative coupling of benzylamines with 2-amino/hydroxy/mercapto-anilines has been developed, allowing the synthesis of a diversity of substituted 1,3-benzazoles in good to excellent yields.

Cs₂CO₃-promoted sulfenylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines in ionic liquid.

An interesting procedure for the zinc-catalyzed oxidative transformation of ready available 2-aminobenzamide, 2-aminobenzenesulfonamide with benzyl alcohols has been developed.

The direct N-monomethylation of aromatic primary amines, including arylamines, arylsulfonamides and amino-azoles, using methanol as a methylating agent has been accomplished in the presence of a [Cp*IrCl₂]₂/NaOH system.