Themed collection Biosensors

Shaoqin Liu and Ning Gu, Journal of Materials Chemistry B themed issue on Biosensors.

This review aims to inspire novel biosensor design by addressing materials chemistries through the lense of enzymatic and oxidative susceptibility in the spectra of inflammatory disease biomarkers.

An overview of enhancement strategies for highly sensitive ECL-based sensing of bioanalytes enabling early detection of cancer.

We review the recent advances in the development of nanomaterial-based biosensors for DNA methyltransferase assay.

This review summarises recent advances in stretchable and tough conductive hydrogel sensors for wearable and implantable devices.

Gas-sensing applications commonly use nanomaterials (NMs) because of their unique physicochemical properties, including a high surface-to-volume ratio, enormous number of active sites, controllable morphology, and potential for miniaturisation.

This paper summarizes various aptamer-functionalized nanostructured interfaces for the detection and release of circulating tumor cells.

Recent achievements and challenges in materials and manufacturing technologies of sensing electrodes in wearable biosensors have been highlighted.

Light-up RNA aptamers and their applications in bioimaging and biosensing of small ligands and biomacromolecules are described.

Stimuli-responsive hydrogel strain sensors that synergize the advantages of both hydrogel and smart functional materials have attracted increasing interest from material design to emerging applications in health monitors and human–machine interfaces.

BFC-based SPBs have been used as power sources for other devices and as sensors for detecting toxicity and BOM.

This article provides an extensive review of paper-based sensors that utilize functional nucleic acids, particularly DNA aptamers and DNAzymes, as recognition elements.

This review discusses recent advances of tissue interfaced chemical biosensors, highlights current challenges and gives an outlook on future possibilities.

The development of AIE bioprobes for RONS sensing in living systems is now summarized. We discuss some representative examples of AIEgen based bioprobes in terms of their molecular design, sensing mechanism and sensitive sensing in vitro and in vivo.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are circulating cancer cells that shed from tumor tissue into blood vessels and circulate in the blood to invade other organs, which results in fatal metastases. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has great potentials in CTCs detection.

Controlled/“living” radical polymerization-based signal amplification strategies and their applications in highly sensitive biosensing of clinically relevant biomolecules are reviewed.

Intraoral biosensors are emerging as reliable medical devices for non-invasive health-care monitoring.

Ratiometric fluorescence sensors that are achieved via the ratiometric fluorescence intensity changes of emission peaks based on multi-emission fluorescence probes show a huge advantage.

This review highlights the recent advances in nanomaterial-based immunoassays for MMP abundance measurements and nanomaterial-based biosensors for MMP activity determination.

Abnormally expressed receptor proteins are proved to be one of the crucial biomarkers for specific human diseases. Transitional metal based strategies possess delightful strengths in the in-field and real-time visualization of receptor proteins.

A tunable linker-based signal amplification strategy yielding 6-fold enhanced sensitivity for low magnification dark-field quantitative assays.

A Ti₃C₂T_x MXene-derived TiO₂/C-QD oxidase mimic was developed and used for the efficient diagnosis of glutathione in human serum.

A novel dual-targeted CeO₂–DNA nanosensor by modifying with folic acid (FA) and CD36 antibody was designed.

The isothermal amplification products of mecA and femA genes induce the fluorescence quenching of platinum ions-capped carbon quantum dots to allow the specific identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Gold nanogap antennas fabricated by hole-mask colloidal lithography as sensitive substrates for plasmonic biosensing.

With toehold-regulation, the kinetics of graphene oxide-based biosensors can be accelerated.

A novel multi-color ECL nanomaterial assembled from 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and aniline (An) was used for highly sensitive label-free CEA detection.

Schematic illustration of PDI@ZIF-8 nanocomposite synthesis and ratiometric fluorescence assay for ATP sensing. 2-MIm: 2-methylimidazole.

Silver nanoprism-based plasmonic ELISA for qualitative and quantitative detection of fluoroquinolones.

A structurally coloured contact lens sensor has been developed for point-of-care diagnosis of eye diseases.

Sensors with flexibility and stretchability are the key functional modules of converter between mechanical motions and electric signals for intelligent robots and rehabilitation training systems.

Nano-tailored DNA origami designs nanostructure the bioreceptor layer of encoded microparticles in an innovative microfluidic platform, hereby boosting biomolecular interactions.

Using nucleosides and citrate as starting materials, a series of fluorescent carbon dots were synthesized showing different quenching properties by metal ions for their detection by a sensor array.

Carbon nanoelectrodes in the sub-micron range were modified with an enzyme cascade immobilized in a spatially separated polymer double layer system for the detection of glutamate at the cellular level.

A stretchable gold fiber-based wearable electrochemical pH two-electrodes sensing system for human health monitoring.

Fluorescent and magnetic materials play a significant role in biosensor technology, enabling sensitive quantification and separations with applications in diagnostics, purification, quality control, and therapeutics.

Programmed biosensors with tunable quantification range and higher specificity have been constructed by engineering graphene–nucleic acid biointerfaces.

This work reports an enzyme-free glucose sensor based on nickel nanostructures electrodeposited on a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode modified with a silica nanochannel membrane (SNM).

Highly efficient electrochemiluminescence of ruthenium complex-functionalized CdS quantum dots via ECL resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) and their analytical application.

Novel SERS based sensing assay was built by combining nanoporous membrane with sandwich immunoassay for duplex cytokines detection. It can be used as a promising candidate for clinical application due to its excellent performance in human serum.

A novel self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence nanofiber mat was for the first time prepared by one-step electrospinning a mixture of polyacrylonitrile, Ru(bpy)₃²⁺, poly(ethylenimine) and Nafion.

A single-liquid glucose–O₂ cell is constructed by gas diffusion electrode. O₂ diffusion directly from air to active sites of enzyme enhances the enzymatic reaction rate. The maximum power output density of the cell is 53 μW cm⁻².

A GSH sensing platform using lucigenin as a fluorescent probe in the presence of MnO₂ nanosheets was reported for the first time.

Functionalized tungsten disulfide nanotubes were evaluated as an enzyme support for electrochemical biosensors.

A novel RNA-triple-helix hydrogel for treatment of triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) by incorporating RNA-triple-helix and siRNA duplexes of CXCR4 into the same RNA nanoparticles was developed, without the synthetic polycationic reagents.

A colorimetric and electrochemical dual-mode biosensor for thrombin based on the combination of a magnetic separation technique and a signal amplification strategy.

We construct tumor-targeting fluorescent mixed nano-micelles for tumor cell-specific turn-on fluorescence imaging of Al³⁺.