Themed collection Recent Review Articles

Matthew and Rumack (200 mg or UK ‘Prescott’ line) and the 150 mg Treatment line, both on log scales.

As a well-established human carcinogen, arsenic has increased the risk of lung cancer over the past decades.

Chemicals with carcinogenic activity in either animals or humans produce increases in neoplasia through diverse mechanisms.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been commonly used in clinical practice for thousands of years and has made enormous contributions to public health in China.

Unravelling the molecular basis of thalidomide embryotoxicity, which is remarkably species-specific, is challenging in view of its low toxicity in the mature animal.

Phototoxicity can cause toxic responses such as edemas and lesions, and is one of the severe adverse effects that largely limit the use of these phototoxic drugs.

Antidepressants are extensively used during pregnancy and associated with severe outcomes, including innate malformations, prematurity, and low birth weight, etc.

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a toxic compound that can target human spermatozoa.

Paraquat (PQ) poisoning is the main medical problem in developing countries and it is spread out worldwide. A similar structure of PQ to MPP⁺ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) caused PQ-induced neurotoxicity and injury to renal proximal tubules.

The creation of large toxicological databases and advances in machine-learning techniques have empowered computational approaches in toxicology.

The haem biosynthetic pathway is of fundamental importance for cellular metabolism both for the erythroid and nonerythroid tissues.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a major cause of chronic liver pathology in humans.

The safety assessment of a flavour substance examines several factors, including metabolic and physiological disposition data.

A large number of nongenotoxic chemicals have been shown to increase the incidence of liver tumours in rats and/or mice by a mode of action (MOA) involving activation of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR).

Xenobiotic-induced perturbations of somatic tissue or germline epigenomes may underlie delayed-onset and long-lasting adverse effects.

It is time to say goodbye to the standard two-year rodent bioassay.

Toxicology has frequently been a focus of scientific and societal concern. It's time to examine practices such as peer review, resourcing, transparency and data sharing to ensure the field stays current, relevant and ethical.

Sensitisation of the respiratory tract to chemicals resulting in respiratory allergy and allergic asthma is an important occupational health problem, and presents toxicologists with no shortage of challenges.

The CAR-mediated MOA for liver tumorigenesis is of no carcinogenic risk for humans.

Bisphenol compounds are a class of chemical epoxy resins that are found throughout the world in food packaging, thermal paper products, dental materials, and more.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major safety concern; it occurs frequently; it is idiosyncratic; it cannot be adequately predicted; and a multitude of underlying mechanisms has been postulated.

Spider venoms are complex mixtures composed of a variety of compounds, including salts, small organic molecules, peptides, and proteins.

After over 60 years of therapeutic use in the UK, paracetamol (acetaminophen, N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP) remains the subject of considerable research into both its mode of action and toxicity.

Due an increasing use of nanotechnology and a ubiquitous human exposition to airborne nanomaterials, this review underlines the importance of the detailed investigation of NM characteristics and the relations to their toxicologic effects.