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By controlling the growth temperature, different categories of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) such as carbon nanocoils (CNCs) and chain-like carbon nanospheres (CNSs) can be synthesized directly over Al2O3 substrate without using any transition-metal catalysts. It is proposed that the Al2O3 particles play a key role in the CNM growth, and the reaction temperature has a great impact on the morphology of the obtained CNMs. Furthermore, the photoluminescence studies indicate that the obtained CNCs and chain-like CNSs show different optical properties, which suggest that the optical properties of the obtained CNMs may be tuned by controlling their structures.

Graphical abstract: Morphology-controllable synthesis of carbon nanomaterials directly on Al2O3 substrates, and their photoluminescence

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