Themed collection International Year of the Periodic Table : From Pb and Sn Perovskites to the Next Generation

If defects in materials cost more (energy) than decomposing them, defect densities will be low and thermodynamically controlled, with the right kinetics, as for halide perovskites.

In this topical review, we have focused on the recent advances made in the studies of lead-free perovskites in the bulk form and as nanocrystals. We highlight how nanocrystals can serve as model systems to explore the schemes of cationic exchange, doping and alloying for engineering the electronic structure of double perovskites.

In the development of perovskite solar cells, a new version of Don Quixote is needed if scientists are to keep on seeking the most celebrated works of literature, according to the evaluation criterion of ‘THE FIRST’ and ‘THE BEST’.

The recent progress and developments on perovskite photodetectors are summarized from the perspective of device physics and materials science.

The synthesis, microstructures, optical properties and promising applications of luminescent perovskite quantum dots in optoelectronic fields are systematically reviewed.

In this review, we mainly summarize the important progresses made in the development of photocatalysis-oriented mesocrystals, including synthesis engineering, functional modifications (hybridization and doping), and typical structure-related photocatalytic mechanisms. Some urgent issues and perspectives have also been discussed.

This article reviews the achievements in synthesis techniques and nanoscale optoelectronic applications based on one-dimensional metal–halide perovskite nanocrystals.

Morphology engineering has been recognized as an effective way to attain highly efficient and stable hybrid perovskite solar cells.

A hybrid ETM is prepared using co-axial electrospray for the first time and used as an electron transporting material for perovskite solar cells with a high efficiency of 20.27%.

Highly efficient and stable mixed halide perovskite (MAPbI_3–xCl_x) solar cells are fabricated with the incorporation of chloroformamidinium chloride (Cl-FACl).

Herein, lead-free single-layered Cs₄CuSb₂Cl₁₂ and Cs₃M₂X₉ (X = Cl, Br, I; M = Sb, Bi) perovskite NCs have been prepared for the first time via a top-down liquid-phase ultrasonic exfoliation technique.

In this study, a novel anion–cation method to synthesize highly emissive and stable diphase CsPbBr₃@Cs₄PbBr₆ composite NCs has been developed.

We have synthesized highly luminescent CsPbBr₃ nanorods through an oriented-attachment mechanism assisted by the ligand-regulation at the water–oil interface.

A facile metal ions-assistant ligand surface engineering strategy to synchronously boost photoluminescence quantum yield and stability of CsPbBr₃ PQDs.

Perovskite solar cells have attracted significant attention due to their high efficiency and low cost.

Highly crystalline perovskite micro-needles are grown by a hydrothermal method and used in perovskite solar cells to yield 17.98% efficiency with no hysteresis.

Sticky perovskites! PM-IRRAS evidences that even simple fluorocarbons stick flat to methylammonium lead iodide hybrid perovskites and modify their properties.

In this paper, oleylammonium polysulfides molecules were self-assembled on an etched perovskite film, leading to an enhancement in moisture stability of the devices.

Fabrication of angle-independent 3D photonic crystals with organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite nanoparticle-embedded copolymer particles for the extraction of a narrow emissive spectrum without angle-dependency.

Polaron formation prevents the hole trapping at the negatively charged iodine interstitial in CH₃NH₃PbI₃.

We introduce perovskite halides into spintronics, and these materials are ferromagnetic semiconductors with large spin splitting and high Curie temperatures.

The concept of introducing a charge-collection nano-network into a perovskite layer points to a new direction towards up-scaling of high-efficiency PSCs.

Stretch-alignment of CsPbBr₃ perovskite nanorods synthesized in situ in a polymer matrix leads to polarized emission.

In Mg-doped ZnO/PbS QDHSCs, a spike structure is formed between the QDs and the “electron acceptor”, which improved charge collection efficiency.

Lead-free tin (Sn) and germanium (Ge) based two-dimensional (2D) hybrid perovskites with a thickness of a few unit-cells possess desirable properties for photovoltaic and/or photoelectronic applications.

The impact of A and X site substitution on acoustic phonon speeds in hybrid perovskites with ABX₃ stoichiometry is studied.

A high-performance flexible photoconductor based on a lead-free perovskite was made and it can be used as a light-stimulated synaptic device.

Photo-generated charge carrier dynamics in Ruddlesden–Popper 2D perovskites with linear (n-BA) and branched (iso-BA) butylamine as spacing cations have been studied by using transient absorption and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopies.

The new precursors MAI_3+x and FAI_3+x exhibit exceptionally high reactivity towards lead precursors and result in high quality lead-halide perovskite films.

Electrospun PMMA fiber membrane encapsulated with CsPbBr₃ exhibits excellent FRET detection performance on trypsin, Cu²⁺ and pH.

Dopant-free HTM KR321 showed highly ordered characteristic face-on organization leading to increased vertical charge transport and PCE over 19% in PSC with improved stability.

Exceptional CRI and variable CCT via fourfold phosphors to create a high-quality broadband white-emission with a controllable hue.

Metal halide-based perovskites are regarded as promising candidates for light-emitting diodes (LEDs) owing to their high color purity, tunable bandgap and solution processability.

A multifunctional 2D polymeric semiconductor was incorporated to provide surprisingly robust efficacy in grain boundary functionalization and defect passivation of perovskite, which suppresses charge recombination and thus affording an illustrious photovoltage of 1.16 V and power conversion efficiency of 21.1%.

The development of nontoxic and stable all-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) represents a major challenge to unlock widely practical applications in photoelectric fields.

We report the formation of a new class of solvent-intercalated two-dimensional (SI-2D) formamidinium lead halide perovskites.

An anti-solvent free facile solution processing technique for fabricating perovskite light emitting diodes (PeLEDs), and scaling it up to large areas by slot-die coating.

Novel room-temperature ferroelectric crystals with complex sequences of phase transitions.

Electron injection from perovskite to planar TiO₂ accelerates with chloride addition, in mesoporous TiO₂ carrier recombination is slowed.

Lead halide perovskites belong to a broad class of compounds with appealing optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties.

A new three-step photo-oxidative degradation mechanism of MAPbI₃ is proposed. A strategy for protecting MAPbI₃ by 2-(4-fluorophenyl)propan-2-amine modification is designed.

We report on the fabrication of a high-performance photodetector based on an inorganic CsBi₃I₁₀ perovskite/silicon heterojunction.

We have demonstrated the fabrication of one of the few lead-free perovskite self-powered photodetectors reported to date.

Here we show that the V_oc in perovskite solar cells primarily depends on direct and trap-mediated recombination, rather than on the energetic offset between the valence band of the perovskite and the highest occupied molecular orbital of the organic transport layers.

In this work, we performed a detailed study of the phase transformations and structural unit cell parameters of CsPbBr₃ nanoparticles (NPs) and thin films.

Saturated emission from light-emitting electrochemical cells integrated with CsPbX₃ perovskite color conversion layers.

A novel two-dimensional Ge-based hybrid perovskite is proposed for potential optoelectronic applications.

Full-spectral emissive perovskite nanogels present outstandingly improved photo-stability, thermal-stability and humidity-stability for anti-counterfeiting two-dimensional barcode application.

The assembled supercrystals induced by crosslinking of L-cysteine exhibit strong fluorescence, high stability and a PL lifetime of 642 ns.

The ultrasonic substrate vibration post-treatment (SVPT) of wet perovskite films can eliminate the annealing process.

The resistive switching memory based on a lead-free bismuth halide perovskite exhibits fast switching, multilevel data storage, and long-term air stability.

Much less additive content of 0.5% CaI₂ instead of 5% PbI₂ was incorporated into the CH₃NH₃PbI₃ film and a dense and surface-smooth morphology was obtained with much enlarged crystal grains. The champion PSC based on MAPbI₃(CaI₂)_0.005 layer demonstrated a very high PCE of 19.3% with superior long-term stability.

Surface modification based on 4-DMABA allows for the enhancement of efficiency and stability of an inverted perovskite solar cell. This is ascribed to the passivation of the surface traps and recombination suppression, and to the hydrophobic surface capping layer, respectively.

We have developed a new method to introduce defect passivation agents using an in situ technique for planar p–i–n perovskite solar cells, during the anti-solvent deposition step.

The application of methylammonium (MA) lead halide perovskites, CH₃NH₃PbX₃ (X = I, Br, Cl), in perovskite solar cells has made great recent progress in performance efficiency during recent years.

Halide perovskites offer low cost and high efficiency solar cell materials but serious issues related to air and moisture stability remain.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a potential candidate for high efficiency low-cost photovoltaic technology.

Degradation analysis of CH₃NH₃Pb(I_1−xBr_x)₃ mixed halide perovskites, showing promising environmental stability of CH₃NH₃PbBr₃.

We introduce a pin-hole free CH₃NH₃PbI_3−xCl_x perovskite layer by using heated airflow during the nucleation stage. We control the nucleation stage which gives a pin-hole free planar perovskite with large grains, resulting in a maximum power point (MPP) efficiency of 14.3% and a high efficiency of 19.0% with reproducibility.

We investigate the influence of solvent drenching in hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite (CH₃NH₃PbX) crystallization process with a non-solvent, toluene, during film fabrication process.