Themed collection 2023 Chemical Science Perspective & Review Collection
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Supramolecular chemistry of liquid–liquid extraction
In this perspective we have summarized the current understanding of supramolecular interaction-based liquid–liquid extraction.
Chem. Sci., 2024,15, 7824-7847
https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SC00933A
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Challenges in the design and synthesis of self-assembling molecules as selective contacts in perovskite solar cells
We summarize the challenges to design and synthesize self-assembled molecules, discussing their synthetic routes and structural features in relationship to the efficiency of perovskite-based solar cells where they are applied as selective contacts.
Chem. Sci., 2024,15, 1534-1556
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04668K
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Organocatalytic activation of hydrogen peroxide: towards green and sustainable oxidations
Green oxidation reactions performed by organocatalytic activation of hydrogen peroxide.
Chem. Sci., 2024,15, 1177-1203
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC05618J
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High-aspect-ratio nanostructured hydroxyapatite: towards new functionalities for a classical material
Hydroxyapatite-based materials have been widely used in countless applications, such as bone regeneration, catalysis, air and water purification or protein separation.
Chem. Sci., 2024,15, 55-76
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC05344J
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Improved transition metal photosensitizers to drive advances in photocatalysis
This perspective focuses on strategies to manipulate and optimize three key determinants of metal-based molecular photosensitizers – the absorption profile, the excited-state redox potentials, and the excited-state lifetime.
Chem. Sci., 2024,15, 77-94
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04580C
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The supersaturation perspective on the amyloid hypothesis
The current amyloid hypothesis does not capture the full complexity of Aβ aggregation. Here we lay out a supersaturation framework to better understand the molecular mechanism of Alzheimer’s disease and to develop more effective treatment strategies.
Chem. Sci., 2024,15, 46-54
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03981A
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Machine learning for analysis of experimental scattering and spectroscopy data in materials chemistry
We discuss how machine learning methods can be applied to advance analysis of spectroscopy and scattering data in materials chemistry. We give examples illustrating the state-of-the-art and identify current challenges in the field.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 14003-14019
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC05081E
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Dipyrrolonaphthyridinedione – (still) a mysterious cross-conjugated chromophore
We present and discuss the discovery, structures, photophysics, and applications of novel functional dyes – dipyrrolonaphthyridinediones.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 14020-14038
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC05272A
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Electrocatalysis with molecules and molecular assemblies within gas diffusion electrodes
Molecular catalysts and their assemblies are important model systems in electrocatalysis at gas–liquid–solid interfaces.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 13696-13712
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC05362H
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Recent developments for intermolecular enantioselective amination of non-acidic C(sp3)–H bonds
Recently, the field of intermolecular enantioselective amination of non-acidic C(sp3)–H bonds has witnessed rapid advances, which are discussed in this perspective
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 13278-13289
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04643E
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Frontiers of molecular crystal structure prediction for pharmaceuticals and functional organic materials
Molecular crystal structure prediction has matured to the point where it can routinely facilitate the discovery and design of new organic materials.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 13290-13312
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03903J
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Two-dimensional mesoporous metals: a new era for designing functional electrocatalysts
This Perspective summarizes recent progress in the synthesis and electrocatalytic applications of two-dimensional mesoporous metals and thus ensures a new era for designing high-performance functional electrocatalysts.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 13313-13324
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04244H
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Sustainable formulation polymers for home, beauty and personal care: challenges and opportunities
As researchers, industries and consumers move towards more sustainable products there is a clear need to define what sustainability means in fast moving consumer goods and how it can be considered at the design stage.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 12926-12940
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04488B
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Development and application of decatungstate catalyzed C–H 18F- and 19F-fluorination, fluoroalkylation and beyond
We describe our efforts to develop a decatungstate (DT)-catalyzed C–H 18F- and 19F-fluorination reaction, and the discovery and exploitation of electrostatic effects in DT catalysis for the synthesis of radiotracers for PET imaging.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 12883-12897
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04027E
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Interfacing metal organic frameworks with polymers or carbon-based materials: from simple to hierarchical porous and nanostructured composites
The article covers the survey of recent progress in the design of MOFs–polymers and MOF–carbon material composites with increasing complexity in terms of porous architecture, spatial structuration, organisation, and functionality.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 12898-12925
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03659F
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Flexibility in zeolites: origin, limits, and evaluation
Numerous pieces of evidence in the literature suggest that zeolitic materials exhibit significant intrinsic flexibility as a consequence of the spring-like behavior of Si–O and Al–O bonds and the distortion ability of Si–O–Si and Al–O–Si angles.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 12430-12446
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03934J
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A breath of sunshine: oxygenic photosynthesis by functional molecular architectures
Water oxidation liberating dioxygen under visible light irradiation poses a formidable challenge to natural and artificial photosystems. The quest for the “green shift” represents a major goal to enhance the overall photosynthetic performance by tailoring molecular architectures.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 12402-12429
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03780K
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Polymeric materials for ultrasound imaging and therapy
Ultrasound-responsive polymeric materials with finely tunable physicochemical properties and acoustic responses enable their applications in imaging and therapy, such as functional/molecular imaging, targeted drug delivery, and sonopermeation.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 11941-11954
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04339H
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Quantum chemical calculations for reaction prediction in the development of synthetic methodologies
This perspective showcases how quantum chemical calculations drive predictive strategies to explore unknown reactions, catalysts, and synthetic routes toward complex molecules in synthetic methodology development.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 11601-11616
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03319H
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Main group metal-mediated strategies for C–H and C–F bond activation and functionalisation of fluoroarenes
This Perspective showcases recent advances on the use of specially designed main-group metal complexes to facilitate chemoselective C–H/C–F functionalisation of fluoroarenes.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 11617-11628
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03548D
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Picking the lock of coordination cage catalysis
We provide an overview of coordination cage catalysis, highlighting how mechanistic understanding can help address the challenges in this area leading to new opportunities in non-covalent reactivity.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 11300-11331
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC02586A
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From random to rational: improving enzyme design through electric fields, second coordination sphere interactions, and conformational dynamics
A forward-looking perspective on optimizing enzyme design through synergizing electric fields, coordination spheres, and dynamics.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 10997-11011
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC02982D
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Control of electronic polarization via charge ordering and electron transfer: electronic ferroelectrics and electronic pyroelectrics
Advances in molecular electronic ferroelectrics are summarized. In addition, electronic pyroelectrics using electron transfer is introduced as a promising alternative in the development of polarization switching materials.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 10631-10643
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03432A
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Layered transition metal oxides (LTMO) for oxygen evolution reactions and aqueous Li-ion batteries
Schematic illustration of layered transition metal oxide applicating in dual purpose as oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalyst and aqueous Li-ion batteries cathode.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 10644-10663
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03220E
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The rise of automated curiosity-driven discoveries in chemistry
The quest for generating novel chemistry knowledge is critical in scientific advancement, and machine learning (ML) has emerged as an asset in this pursuit.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 10378-10384
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03367H
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Naphthopyran molecular switches and their emergent mechanochemical reactivity
Naphthopyran molecular switches undergo a ring-opening reaction upon external stimulation to generate colored merocyanine dyes. We highlight the features of naphthopyran that render it a powerful platform for designing mechanochromic materials.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 10041-10067
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03729K
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Transition-metal (oxy)nitride photocatalysts for water splitting
This perspective highlights recent advances and challenges in transition-metal (oxy)nitrides, which are promising photocatalysts for overall water splitting, and discusses opportunities to upgrade the solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 9248-9257
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03198E
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Impact of core–shell perovskite nanocrystals for LED applications: successes, challenges, and prospects
Using core/shell based perovskite materials is a promising strategy to stabilize perovskite nanocrystal phases and passivate the surface, in order to improve both the stability and the optical properties of the material and in turn of light emitting diodes.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 8984-8999
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC02955G
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Magnetically controlled assembly: a new approach to organic integrated photonics
This perspective focuses on the development of organic hierarchical nanostructures based on magnetically controlled assembly methods, which are guided by the requirements of organic integrated photonics.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 8723-8742
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC01779F
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Opportunities and challenges of protein-based targeted protein degradation
Targeted protein degradation strategies employing proteins as binders for degradation targets.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 8433-8447
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC02361C
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Metallated dihydropyridinates: prospects in hydride transfer and (electro)catalysis
Hydride transfer (HT) is a fundamental step in a wide range of reaction pathways, including those mediated by dihydropyridinates (DHP−s).
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 8234-8248
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC02080K
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Can we make color switchable photovoltaic windows?
Color-changing PV windows could save energy and generate electricity. A building with such windows is shown changing from tinted PV to transparent phase. This work reviews recent strategies and provides a future outlook for this technology.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 7828-7841
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC01811C
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Diatomic catalysts for Fenton and Fenton-like reactions: a promising platform for designing/regulating reaction pathways
The summarized new advances and proposed research directions in this perspective can provide in-depth insights for the application/mechanism investigation of DAC-mediated Fenton/Fenton-like reactions.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 7818-7827
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC02872K
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Nanoelectrochemistry in electrochemical phase transition reactions
Nanoelectrochemistry methods can provide new insights into electrochemical nucleation processes, including the formation of nanoparticles and nanobubbles.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 7611-7619
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC01857A
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Fine tuning of electrosynthesis pathways by modulation of the electrolyte solvation structure
This Perspective article highlights how mastering the electrolyte structure, both in bulk and at the electrochemical interface, can provide an additional level of control for the rational design of electrosynthetic routes.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 7103-7113
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC01889J
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Chemical complexity for targeted function in heterometallic titanium–organic frameworks
Heterometallic cluster chemistry to control the function of titanium–organic frameworks.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 6826-6840
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC01550E
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Resurgence and advancement of photochemical hydrogen atom transfer processes in selective alkane functionalizations
By drawing inspiration from photoredox catalysis, the field of radical-mediated alkane functionalization has made remarkable advancements recently to address the challenges of today and future.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 6841-6859
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC01118F
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Lanthanide molecular cluster-aggregates as the next generation of optical materials
In this perspective, we provide an overview of the recent achievements in luminescent lanthanide-based molecular cluster-aggregates (MCAs) and illustrate why MCAs can be seen as the next generation of highly efficient optical materials.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 5827-5841
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC01088K
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Aromaticity: Quo Vadis
In this perspective, different expert opinions are gathered on the definition and concept of aromaticity.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 5569-5576
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC04998H
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Streamlining the interface between electronics and neural systems for bidirectional electrochemical communication
Emerging strategies based on synaptic interfaces, iontronics-based neuromodulation, and improvements in selective neurosensing techniques have been explored to achieve seamless integration and efficient neuro-electronics communication.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 4463-4479
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC00338H
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Light-induced homolysis of copper(II)-complexes – a perspective for photocatalysis
A new kid on the block: Cu(II) offers unique possibilities in photocatalysis for generating and stabilizing radicals to promote challenging synthetic transformations.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 4449-4462
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC00388D
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Energy–structure–property relationships in uranium metal–organic frameworks
Energy–structure–property relationships in uranium metal–organic frameworks offer a deeper understanding of their behaviors, explaining why structure produces function. This understanding becomes crucial for the rational design of such materials with enhanced properties.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 4219-4229
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC00788J
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Redox catalysis via photoinduced electron transfer
This perspective article highlights redox catalysis of organic molecules via photoinduced electron transfer, which is well exploited for the important photoredox reactions including hydrogen evolution, water oxidation and synthetic applications.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 4205-4218
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC07101K
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Addressing the stability challenge of photo(electro)catalysts towards solar water splitting
In this perspective, we emphasise the importance of stability evaluation in the development of photo(electro)catalysts and related devices towards practical solar water splitting.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 3415-3427
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC06981D
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Insights into alloy/oxide or hydroxide interfaces in Ni–Mo-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution under alkaline conditions
The activity of Ni–Mo catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction originates from the interfaces of alloy–oxide or alloy–hydroxide, in which the oxide or hydroxide promotes water dissociation and the alloy accelerates hydrogen combination.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 3400-3414
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC06298D
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Synchrotron radiation based operando characterization of battery materials
Synchrotron radiation enables probing a wide range of length scales operando, hence being a powerful tool in battery research. Challenges ahead involve cell design (especially for multi-modal approaches) and protocols for automated data analysis.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 1641-1665
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC04397A
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Connecting the dots for fundamental understanding of structure–photophysics–property relationships of COFs, MOFs, and perovskites using a Multiparticle Holstein Formalism
The Multiparticle Holstein Formalism is a promising theoretical framework that efficiently bridges the gap between theory and experiments.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 1040-1064
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC03793A
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Unlocking the potential of polymeric desalination membranes by understanding molecular-level interactions and transport mechanisms
We highlight molecular-level interactions that govern the performance of polymeric desalination membranes. We emphasize how these interactions affect transport and highlight emerging methods that allow for direct measurement of polymer properties.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 751-770
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC04920A
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Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (TR-ARPES) of TMDC monolayers and bilayers
Many unique properties in two-dimensional (2D) materials and their heterostructures rely on charge excitation, scattering, transfer and relaxation dynamics across different points in the momentum space.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 736-750
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC04124C
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Chemistry–mechanics–geometry coupling in positive electrode materials: a scale-bridging perspective for mitigating degradation in lithium-ion batteries through materials design
The design of next-generation positive intercalation battery cathodes will leverage chemistry—mechanics—geometry coupling to mitigate stress, unlock more accessible storage capacity, and prolong cycle life.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 458-484
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC04157J
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Back to the future of organolanthanide chemistry
By taking inspiration from the structures and reactivities of its past, organolanthanide chemistry has managed to reinvent itself for the challenges of today and the future.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 443-457
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC05976B
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Polyoxometalate–peptide hybrid materials: from structure–property relationships to applications
Organo-functionalisation of polyoxometalates with peptide moieties is an effective approach to obtain diverse arrays of functional hybrid materials, where each component influences the resulting change, surface chemistry, polarity, and redox properties.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 10-28
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC05105B
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f-Element heavy pnictogen chemistry
In this review, the molecular chemistry of the f-elements with heavy pnictogen ligands from phosphorus to bismuth is described.
Chem. Sci., 2024,15, 13-45
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC05056D
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Engineered aptamers for molecular imaging
Molecular imaging, including quantification and molecular interaction studies, plays a crucial role in visualizing and analysing molecular events. Aptamers are wildly employed in molecular imaging with a wide range of targets and imaging modalities.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 14039-14061
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03989G
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The phenomenon of “dead” metal in heterogeneous catalysis: opportunities for increasing the efficiency of carbon-supported metal catalysts
The key factors contributing to the formation of “dead” metal – the fraction of metal in supported catalysts that remains inaccessible to reactants – are examined. Strategies to minimize the formation of “dead” metal are analyzed.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 14062-14073
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04691E
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Advances in CO2 activation by frustrated Lewis pairs: from stoichiometric to catalytic reactions
Frustrated Lewis pair systems have been explored efficiently in homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions for the activation and reduction of CO2 to various useful products in stoichiometric as well as in catalytic reactions.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 13661-13695
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03907B
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Recent advances in the utilization of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as electrode materials for supercapacitors
This review summarizes the recent advances in the electrode application of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for supercapacitors, including the design strategies from the molecular scale to morphology control level and their device performance.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 13601-13628
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04571D
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Cu-based catalyst designs in CO2 electroreduction: precise modulation of reaction intermediates for high-value chemical generation
Product distribution during electrocatalytic CO2 reduction is closely related to the behaviour of reaction intermediates. Morphological and microenvironmental engineering of Cu-based catalysts can regulate the reaction tendency of intermediates, enabling target products to be selectively obtained.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 13629-13660
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04353C
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Advancing cell surface modification in mammalian cells with synthetic molecules
This review offers a survey of recent advancements in the modification of mammalian cell surfaces through the use of synthetic molecules and concludes by addressing the present challenges and potential opportunities in this rapidly expanding field.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 13325-13345
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04597H
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Recent advances in electrospinning nanofiber materials for aqueous zinc ion batteries
This review paper summarizes the application of electrospinning nanofibers in the cathodes, anodes, and separators of aqueous zinc ion batteries.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 13346-13366
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC05283D
![Open Access](https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.147/content/NewImages/open-access-icon-orange.png)
Recent advances in combining photo- and N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis
This review summarizes recent advances in combining photo- and N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis, as well as provides an outlook on future opportunities and challenges.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 13367-13383
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03274D
![Open Access](https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.147/content/NewImages/open-access-icon-orange.png)
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensing for detection and mapping of key cellular biomarkers
The principles and advantages of SERS sensing strategies including multi-modal analysis for detection or mapping of key cellular biomarkers are described in this review.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 12869-12882
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04650H
![Open Access](https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.147/content/NewImages/open-access-icon-orange.png)
Fluorescence-readout as a powerful macromolecular characterisation tool
We discuss the current state-of-the-art in exploiting fluorescence-based techniques for analysing polymer systems and soft matter materials, as well as provide an outlook on future opportunities and challenges.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 12815-12849
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04052F
![Open Access](https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.147/content/NewImages/open-access-icon-orange.png)
Optimization strategies of high-entropy alloys for electrocatalytic applications
This review summarizes the synthesis methods, characterization methods, research progress and regulation strategies of HAEs in the field of electrocatalytic HER, HOR, OER, ORR, CO2RR, NRR and AOR, providing deep understanding for future applications.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 12850-12868
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04962K
![Open Access](https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.147/content/NewImages/open-access-icon-orange.png)
Catalytic, asymmetric carbon–nitrogen bond formation using metal nitrenoids: from metal–ligand complexes via metalloporphyrins to enzymes
This review discusses the varied catalyst design strategies that have been applied to asymmetric C−N bond formation using metal nitrenoids. The outstanding challenges are also identified with the aim of encouraging further investigation in the field.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 12447-12476
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04661C
![Open Access](https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.147/content/NewImages/open-access-icon-orange.png)
Rejuvenation of dearomative cycloaddition reactions via visible light energy transfer catalysis
Dearomative cycloaddition is a powerful technique to access sp3-rich three-dimensional structural motifs from simple flat, aromatic feedstock.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 12004-12025
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC04421A
![Open Access](https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.147/content/NewImages/open-access-icon-orange.png)
Strategies for chiral separation: from racemate to enantiomer
Research progress and potential trends about six critical chiral resolution methods are summarized. Notable performance improvements based on the state-of-the-art “coupling” strategies are highlighted.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 11955-12003
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC01630G
![Open Access](https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.147/content/NewImages/open-access-icon-orange.png)
Carbon–carbon bond activation by Mg, Al, and Zn complexes
Examples of carbon–carbon bond activation reactions at Mg, Al, and Zn are described in this review.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 11012-11021
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03336H
![Open Access](https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.147/content/NewImages/open-access-icon-orange.png)
Disilane-bridged architectures: an emerging class of molecular materials
We present and discuss the structures, properties, and applications of novel σ–π-conjugated hybrid architectures with saturated Si–Si σ bonds in this review.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 10385-10402
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC02690F
![Open Access](https://www.rsc-cdn.org/pubs-core/2022.0.147/content/NewImages/open-access-icon-orange.png)
Synthesis of ubiquitinated proteins for biochemical and functional analysis
In this review, we present the key synthetic strategies for the preparation of various ubiquitinated proteins and the application of these conjugates in biochemical and functional studies.
Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 10025-10040
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC03664B
About this collection
This on-going web collection showcases all of the Perspective and Review articles published in Chemical Science in 2023.