Electrospun organic/inorganic hybrid nanofibers for accelerating wound healing: a review

Abstract

Electrospun nanofiber membranes hold great promise as scaffolds for tissue reconstruction, mirroring the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) in their structure. However, their limited bioactive functions have hindered their effectiveness in fostering wound healing. Inorganic nanoparticles possess commendable biocompatibility, which can expedite wound healing; nevertheless, deploying them in the particle form presents challenges associated with removal or collection. To capitalize on the strengths of both components, electrospun organic/inorganic hybrid nanofibers (HNFs) have emerged as a groundbreaking solution for accelerating wound healing and maintaining stability throughout the healing process. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advancements in the utilization of HNFs for wound treatment. The review begins by elucidating various fabrication methods for hybrid nanofibers, encompassing direct electrospinning, coaxial electrospinning, and electrospinning with subsequent loading. These techniques facilitate the construction of micro–nano structures and the controlled release of inorganic ions. Subsequently, we delve into the manifold applications of HNFs in promoting the wound regeneration process. These applications encompass hemostasis, antibacterial properties, anti-inflammatory effects, stimulation of cell proliferation, and facilitation of angiogenesis. Finally, we offer insights into the prospective trends in the utilization of hybrid nanofiber-based wound dressings, charting the path forward in this dynamic field of research.