Molecularly imprinted photocatalysts: fabrication, application and challenges

Abstract

Targeted degradation of environmental pollutants (EPs) has attracted increasing attention in the field of environmental science. By integrating the advantages of both conventional photocatalysis and molecular imprinting, molecularly imprinted photocatalysts (MIPCs) are proposed for selective removal of target EPs. At present, how to design efficient MIPCs has become a timely research topic. Here, we review the comprehensive design and synthesis routes of MIPCs related to photocatalytic performance, including the selection of photocatalytic matrixes, templates, monomers, and cross-linkers. Also, various kinds of applications of selective photocatalysis by molecular imprinting are summarized, such as the fabrication of photoelectrochemical sensors and the photocatalytic degradation of target EPs based on the oxidation, reduction, and derivation systems. Finally, we discuss some potential challenges in the development of emerging MIPCs. The purpose of this review is to offer helpful guidance for the preparation of novel MIPCs and outlooks on the targeted monitoring and removal of environmental pollutants via MIPCs.