Issue 15, 2021

Ionic conductivity and dielectric properties of bulk SPP-PEG hydrogels as Na+ ion-based SPE materials for energy storage applications

Abstract

In this work, a green SPP-PEG hydrogel material, containing Na+ ions, was synthesized by a green chemistry method using sodium polyphosphate and polyethylene glycol in water. This hydrogel has an amorphous morphology and a sandwiched matrix with a floating layer, which allows ions to move easily inside the matrix. Flexibility and sticky nature are the key properties that enable forming a good interface on the electrode surface. The hydrogel tends to change to the plasma phase above 70 °C. A Na+ ion–based hydrogel electrolyte shows a stability window of 2.75 volts with >96% ionic nature of conductivity in the order of 10−4 S cm−1 with a diffusivity constant in the order of 10−9 m2 s−1 and mobility in the order of 10−7 m2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature. The hydrogel matrix shows cage-type hopping with a value of power exponent >1 at lower temperatures, and the activation energy of ionic movement was observed to be quite low, i.e. 0.488 eV. Dielectric properties of the hydrogel show a high amount of capacitance with negligible electrode contribution. Regarding temperature dependence, this study confirms that conductivity and matrix relaxation are independent of time and temperature.

Graphical abstract: Ionic conductivity and dielectric properties of bulk SPP-PEG hydrogels as Na+ ion-based SPE materials for energy storage applications

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Research Article
Submitted
08 avr. 2021
Accepted
14 juin 2021
First published
15 juin 2021

Mater. Chem. Front., 2021,5, 5857-5866

Ionic conductivity and dielectric properties of bulk SPP-PEG hydrogels as Na+ ion-based SPE materials for energy storage applications

R. Tiwari, D. K. Verma, D. Kumar, S. Yadav, K. Kumar and S. Krishnamoorthi, Mater. Chem. Front., 2021, 5, 5857 DOI: 10.1039/D1QM00537E

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