Science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems
* Corresponding authors
a
Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
E-mail:
acf26@eng.cam.ac.uk
b Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Graphene Labs, Genova, Italy
c Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
d School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
e ICN2-Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
f Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
g Centre for Nanostructured Graphene (CNG), Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
h Nokia Technologies, Broers Building, Cambridge, UK
i Institut de Ciències Fotòniques (ICFO), Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
j CNR-Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Bologna, Italy
k Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale e Meccanica, Università di Trento, Trento, Italy
l Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
m School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
n Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
o L-NESS, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Como, Italy
p CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, 67000 Strasbourg, France
q Centre for Neuroscience (BRAIN) and Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
r Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
s Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
t Applied Graphene Materials, The Wilton Centre, Redcar, Cleveland, UK
u Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
v School of Physics, Trinity College, Dublin, D2 Dublin, Ireland
w Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College, Dublin, D2 Dublin, Ireland
x School of Chemistry, Trinity College, Dublin, D2 Dublin, Ireland
y Texas Instruments Incorporated, Dallas, TX, USA
z Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales, Palaiseau, France
aa Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
ab Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
ac Leiden University, Faculty of Science, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
ad Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
ae Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT/FORTH), Rio, Greece
af Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, Greece
ag Electrical Engineering Institute, Ecole Polytechique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
ah Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
ai Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures (LEM), ONERA-CNRS, Chatillon, France
aj CNR-Istituto per la Microelettronica e i Microsistemi, Bologna, Italy
ak Advanced Microelectronic Centre Aachen, AMO GmbH, Aachen, Germany
al NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
am Airbus UK Ltd, Broughton, UK
an Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
ao School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
ap Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
aq Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
ar Physics of Nanodevices, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
as STMicroelectronics, Arzano (Naples), Italy
at Materials Science Centre, School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
au Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
av Institut LITEN, CEA LITEN, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
aw Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Mainz, Germany
ax Aixtron Ltd., Cambridge, UK
ay Aalto University, Finland
az CambridgeIP, Cambridge, UK
ba Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
Abstract
We present the science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems, targeting an evolution in technology, that might lead to impacts and benefits reaching into most areas of society. This roadmap was developed within the framework of the European Graphene Flagship and outlines the main targets and research areas as best understood at the start of this ambitious project. We provide an overview of the key aspects of graphene and related materials (GRMs), ranging from fundamental research challenges to a variety of applications in a large number of sectors, highlighting the steps necessary to take GRMs from a state of raw potential to a point where they might revolutionize multiple industries. We also define an extensive list of acronyms in an effort to standardize the nomenclature in this emerging field.
- This article is part of the themed collections: Graphene Turns 15: Bio-implications and Bio-applications and Nanoscale 10th Anniversary: Top Cited Articles
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