Influence of MnO2 on the ferroelectric properties, energy storage efficiency and piezoelectric properties of high-temperature Bi3TaTiO9 ceramics
Abstract
The demand for materials with multifunctional qualities has skyrocketed with the quickening pace of design and engineering of smart and effective electronic devices like piezoelectric sensors. Herein, a high-temperature piezoelectric bismuth layer-structured ferroelectric material has been incorporated with MnO2 to form Bi3TiTaO9:xwt%MnO2 with x = 0–0.3, (BTTO:xMn) to investigate the influence of MnO2 on the ferroelectric properties, energy storage efficiency and piezoelectric properties. Despite the intercalation of Mn-ions at the lattice location, the structure of all ceramics remains preserved. At x = 0.2, the addition of MnO2 to BTTO lattices has enhanced the material's multifunctional properties. At room temperature, it has shown a high remnant polarization (Pr) of 11.04 μC cm−2, a recoverable energy density (Wrec) of ∼ 0.98 J cm−3, an energy conversion efficiency (η) of ∼63%, a high piezoelectric co-efficient (d33) of 20 pC/N and a dielectric constant (εr) of 133 with very low dielectric loss, which are much improved compared to those of pure BTTO ceramics. Furthermore, even after annealing at 600 °C, the BTTO:0.2 Mn ceramic has shown excellent piezoelectric thermal stability, retaining 80% (16 pC/N) of its initial value. The achieved results clearly indicate that the BTTO:0.2 Mn ceramic is a promising candidate for future wide-temperature pulse power applications and high-temperature piezoelectric devices.