A structural framework of biologically active coumarin derivatives: crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis

Abstract

A series of three biologically active coumarin derivatives were synthesised and their crystal structures were determined by single X-ray analysis. The interactions between molecules were characterised using different synthons and via Hirshfeld surface analysis. The characteristic features of all structures are 2D sheets of molecules formed by C–H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which are enhanced by π⋯π interactions or C–H⋯O interactions. Additionally, the lipophilicity parameter (log P) which describes the compound's ability to go through membranes was compared with respect to different intermolecular interactions. It was found that higher lipophilicity is associated with a larger contribution of C–H⋯π interactions in the crystal packing.