Codeine can be determined by a Flow injection procedure based on the chemiluminescence generated by reaction with potassium permanganate (6 × 10–4 mol l–1) in the presence of 0.5 mol l–1 polyphosphoric acid. The limit of detection is 8 pmol (3 × 10–7 mol l–1 in a 25 µl sample), the relative standard deviation for the determination of 5 × 10–4 mol l–1 codeine is 1.4%(n= 10).
T. J. Christie, R. H. Hanway, D. A. Paulls and A. Townshend, Anal. Proc., 1995, 32, 91 DOI: 10.1039/AI9953200091
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