Correction: Vanillin and pentoxifylline ameliorate isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in rats via the Akt/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway

Abstract

Correction for ‘Vanillin and pentoxifylline ameliorate isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in rats via the Akt/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway’ by Mohamed M. Elseweidy et al., Food Funct., 2023, 14, 3067–3082, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2FO03570G.

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The authors regret that incorrect images were used for Fig. 6e and 7a. The corrected images are shown below.

Fig. 6 Effect of ramipril (Ram, 3 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹, orally), vanillin (Van, 150 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹, orally), pentoxifylline (PTX, 50 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹, orally) and Van + PTX combination for 6 weeks on myocardial architecture. (A–F) H&E-stained heart sections. (A) The NC group showed a normal myocardial architecture. Myofibers (F) were intact, cylindrical and striated. They had an acidophilic cytoplasm and normal nuclei (arrows). Myofibers were separated by a scant connective tissue that contained fibroblasts (double arrows). Most myofibers showed intercalated discs (arrowhead). Blood vessels were not congested (*). (B) The myocardial structure was disrupted in the ISO group, where the heart sections clearly showed inflammatory cellular infiltration (rectangle). Blood vessels were congested (*) and extravasated (arrowhead). The myofibers were wavy (F) and interrupted with vacuoles (V). They had a strongly acidophilic cytoplasm and showed a hyaline appearance (W). Some nuclei were dark and pyknotic (arrow), while others were faintly stained (curved arrow). Wide spaces (S) were observed between the severely affected cardiac myofibers. (C) Rats from the Ram group showed an improved myocardial structure, apart from mild cellular inflammatory infiltration (rectangle) and some congested blood vessels (*). Most cardiac muscle fibers (F) were intact and cylindrical, with an acidophilic cytoplasm and normal nuclei (arrow). On the other hand, some myofibers were wavy (W), showed a hyaline appearance (A) and had darkly stained nuclei (arrowhead). Spaces (S) were observed between the myofibers. Rats from the Van group (D) and the PTX group (E) showed an improved cardiac muscle architecture with less cellular inflammatory infiltrates (rectangle). Cardiac fibers (F) were intact and had an acidophilic cytoplasm. Many myofibers had normal nuclei (arrow), while others had darkly stained nuclei (arrowhead). Some spaces (S) were seen between the cardiac fibers. (F) Rats from the Van + PTX group showed the greatest improvement in the structure of the myocardium. Their cardiac muscle fibers (F) were intact and striated and they had normal nuclei (arrow) and obvious intercalated discs (curved arrow). Few cardiac fibers showed a hyaline appearance (H) and had dark shrunken nuclei (thick arrow) and some spaces (S) between them. Only slightly congested blood vessels were seen (*). Scale bar: 50 μm, ×400 magnification. (G) Myofiber diameter quantified using ImageJ software. Results are expressed as mean ± SD, n = 6. *p < 0.001 vs. NC, ^#p < 0.001 vs. ISO, ^ap < 0.001 vs. Van, ^bp < 0.001 vs. PTX, ^cp < 0.001 vs. Ram.

Fig. 7 Effect of ramipril (Ram, 3 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹, orally), vanillin (Van, 150 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹, orally), pentoxifylline (PTX, 50 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹, orally) and Van + PTX combination for 6 weeks on cardiac fibrosis. (A–F) Masson's trichrome-stained heart sections. Arrows indicate the areas of interstitial collagen deposition. Scale bar: 20 μm, ×200 magnification. (G) Percentage of fibrosis quantified using ImageJ software. Results are expressed as mean ± SD, n = 6. *p < 0.001 vs. NC, ^#p < 0.001 vs. ISO, ^ap < 0.001 vs. Van, ^bp < 0.001 vs. PTX, ^cp < 0.001 vs. Ram.

An independent expert has viewed the corrected figures and confirmed that they are consistent with the discussions and conclusions presented.

The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers.

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