Open Access Article
This Open Access Article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 3.0 Unported LicenceChallenges in spent LFP Cathodes’ Direct Lithiation: The Crucial Role of Reducing Agents
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Tassadit Ouaneche , Lorenzo Stievano , Laure Monconduit , Claude Guery , Nadir Recham and Moulay Tahar Sougrati
First published on 1st July 2025
Abstract
Recycling spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has become essential for addressing resource shortages and reducing environmental impact. Especially with the huge use of LiFePO4 cathode which have become one of the most attractive batteries due to their excellent electrochemical performance, long life cycle, safety and abundant elements. This article reviews the most advanced recycling technology for spent LFP cathode: direct chemical regeneration. The literature analysis presented here is based on the role of the reducing agent. The direct recycling methods aim in repairing degraded LFP cathode material and therefore reducing the needs in terms of energy and chemicals compared to traditional recycling methods, hindered by high energy consumption and secondary pollution. These innovations improve battery cycle life, lower energy consumption and production costs, and support sustainable resource management. Direct regeneration technologies offer new opportunities to minimize resource waste and environmental pollution, promoting sustainable management of spent LIBs and advancing future renewable energy technologies.