Offline catalytic behavior in the preparation of FDCA from biomass and CO2
Abstract
Under an inert Ar atmosphere, we detected both furfural-to-furoic acid and furoic-acid-to-FDCA conversions. This phenomenon correlated with the depletion of specific catalyst surface species: Furfural consumed surface oxygen species from δ-MnO2 during oxidation. Furoic acid consumed surface carbonate from Cs2CO3 during carboxylation.

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