Issue 21, 2022

A phosphoric anion layer inhibits electronic current generation and nanotube growth during anodization of titanium

Abstract

Nowadays the formation mechanism of anodic TiO2 nanotubes has attracted extensive attention. Field-assisted dissolution (TiO2 + 6F + 4H+ → [TiF6]2− + 2H2O) has been considered as the causal link to the formation and growth of nanotubes. But it is hard for this theory to explain three stages of the current–time curve. Here, the anodization of titanium was studied by adding different concentrations of H3PO4 (0%, 4 wt%, 6 wt%, 8 wt%, and 10 wt%) in ethylene glycol containing the same concentration of NH4F (0.5 wt%). The results prove that under the action of the same concentration of NH4F, the growth rate of nanotubes decreases obviously with the increase of H3PO4 concentration, and the second stage of the current–time curve is also prolonged simultaneously. These experimental facts cannot be interpreted by field-assisted dissolution theory and the viscous flow model. Here, an anion layer formed by H3PO4 and the electronic current theory are ably used to explain these facts reasonably for the first time.

Graphical abstract: A phosphoric anion layer inhibits electronic current generation and nanotube growth during anodization of titanium

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
04 Jul 2022
Accepted
12 Sep 2022
First published
13 Sep 2022
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Nanoscale Adv., 2022,4, 4597-4605

A phosphoric anion layer inhibits electronic current generation and nanotube growth during anodization of titanium

Z. Zhao, S. Wang, J. Zhang, L. Liu, L. Jiang, X. Xu and Y. Song, Nanoscale Adv., 2022, 4, 4597 DOI: 10.1039/D2NA00433J

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