A transport channel-regulated MXene membrane via organic phosphonic acids for efficient water permeation

Abstract

A series of organic phosphonic acids (OPAs) were applied as multifunctional spacers to enlarge the inner space of carbide MXene (Ti₃C₂T_x) laminates. A synergistic improvement in permeance, rejection and stability is achieved via introducing OPA to create pillared laminates. This strategy provides a universal way to regulate transport channels of MXene-based membranes.