Facile synthesis of viologen and its reversible lithium storage property in organic lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

The reversible lithium-ion storage property of viologen has been explored for the first time. The viologen exhibits a reversible capacity of 175 mA h g⁻¹ against lithium at 50 mA g⁻¹ discharge rate, long term cycling performance and good rate capability. The reversible lithiation–delithiation property of the viologen has been confirmed by ex situ NMR studies.