The orientation dependence of the e.s.r. spectrum of tetra-t-butyl copper phthalocyanine diluted into the metal-free phthalocyanine analogue and icosanoic acid and spread as a multilayer Langmuir–Blodgett film on a silica substrate establishes that the phthalocyanine molecules are aligned with the plane of the ring at 80 ± 10° to the substrate surface.
M. J. Cook, M. F. Daniel, A. J. Dunn, A. A. Gold and A. J. Thomson, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1986, 863 DOI: 10.1039/C39860000863
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