Themed collection FOCUS: Perovskite Materials and Devices

Current data suggest that radii and N–H bonds control the solubility and phase segregation in mixed A-cation lead iodide perovskites.

Layered perovskite oxides (LnBaCo₂O_5+δ) can be developed as the ORR, OER, and HER electrocatalysts for the potential applications in solid oxide cells and water electrolysis.

Integrated frameworks categorizing perovskite/Si tandem solar cells via internal and external components, scale-up, and cost, linking tandem device design with performance, stability, scalability, and commercialization.

This review summarizes recent advances in hybrid halide perovskites for field-effect transistors (FETs), providing a comprehensive overview of current progress and outlining forward-looking strategies to address remaining challenges.

We review the latest developments in scintillator materials for X-ray detection thoroughly, including perovskites, nano-clusters, organic and rare-earth-doped compounds and specialized structures, and provide an in-depth insight for future prospects.

This review provides a detailed summary on cation doping engineering of metal halide perovskites scintillators in terms of theoretical knowledge, construction strategies, scintillator performance modulation and advanced applications.

The progress of nanoengineering of electrodes fabricated by various methods for SOFCs operating at low and intermediate temperatures is reviewed. Future research directions on nanoengineering of cathodes for next-generation SOFCs are also provided.

The electrochemical conversion of carcinogenic nitrate to ammonia (turning waste into wealth) using perovskite oxide-based catalysts aims to create a globally sustainable environment.

A review of recent advancements in interface passivation strategies, with a particular focus on the implementation of 2D/3D perovskite passivation across buried interfaces, grain boundaries, and top interfaces.

Summarized CsPbX₃ QD surface engineering strategies to achieve high-efficiency and high-stability PQD solar cells.

We provide a comprehensive review of the latest research progress and challenges associated with various tandem solar cells based on lead chalcogenide (PbX, X = S, Se) quantum dot (QD) materials (including QD/QD, organic/QD, and perovskite/QD).

Perovskite and layered perovskite oxynitrides are regarded as promising visible-light-responsive semiconductors for efficient artificial photosynthesis to produce renewable value-added energy resources, including H₂, formic acid, and ammonia.

This review presents an overview of the carrier separation and extraction mechanism influenced by the built-in electric field (BEF) in PSCs and various strategies used to enhance the BEF.

Recent progress of applications of multifunctional MOFs in achieving efficient, durable and eco-friendly perovskite photovoltaics is systematically reviewed, and the profound prospects of MOFs inadvancing development of optoelectronics are outlined.

In this review, we summarize the recent advances about self-assembled molecules (SAMs) applied as selective hole or electron contacts for perovskite solar cells.

This article provides a comprehensive review of the strategies for passivating defects in wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells.

By discussing the interactions between water and perovskites, this review offers both a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for enhancing the stability and optoelectronic performance of perovskite photovoltaic devices.

In this review article, we aim to offer a focused overview of metal oxide CTLs for large-area PSCs, emphasizing recent advancements in deposition techniques, modification strategies, and their suitability for large-area device applications.

We herein briefly review the recent advances in transition metal ion-doped cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals including the typical strategies for effective doping and optical properties manipulation.

This review highlights the crucial role of organic spacers in the fabrication process and formation mechanism of different types of 2D/3D perovskites for PSCs including the bulk incorporation model, surface treatment model, and the coexisting model.

This review covers the principles and recent advances in photovoltaic-electrochemical fuel production. It suggests the structural, compositional, and interfacial engineering of OER, HER, bifunctional, CRR catalysts, and halide perovskite solar cells.

We discuss new opportunities in solvent-free synthesis of halide perovskites, including vapor deposition and mechanochemical methods.

Electron deficient DPP-pyridine-based dications (DPP-Py²⁺) provide lead- and iodide-free 1D hybrid metal–halides with photoconductivity of pressed pellet devices.

A 3D hybrid rare-earth double perovskite (RM3HQ)₄K₂[Nd(NO₃)₆]₂ is reported, with a record-high ferroelectric phase transition temperature (∼410 K) for such a system, and simultaneous switchable ferroelectricity and reversible ferroelasticity.

Through the lone-pair cation strategy, a new one-dimensional metal-free perovskite (MFP) DABCO-N₂H₅(BF₄)₃ is successfully designed. It exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 2570 μC Gy_air⁻¹ cm⁻² at 50 V, and a low detection limit of 20.9 nGy_air s⁻¹.

A molecular pseudo-halogen engineering is proposed in hybrid perovskites, achieving an increase in birefringence of more than 12 times and the growth of large-size single crystals without incorporating π-conjugated components.

Rare-earth doping has emerged as a promising strategy to tailor the optoelectronic properties of metal halide perovskites, yet its potential for enhancing gamma-ray detection performance remains underexplored.

Side-chain engineering modulates interfacial energetics and passivation in low-cost hole-transport materials; NS-2 enables efficient charge extraction, suppressed recombination and stable perovskite solar cells with 17.5% efficiency.

Taurine ligands enable robust zwitterionic dual-site passivation, suppressing dynamic ligand desorption and producing uniform CsPbBr₃ QDs with enhanced photoluminescence and environmental stability.

This rare-earth double perovskite ferroelastic material serves as a direct-type detector, exhibiting high-sensitivity X-ray detection performance at low bias voltages.

We synthesized a new family of pseudohalide rare-earth double perovskite ferroelastics, (DMSOX)₂LnCs(NO₃)₆, whose Curie temperature decreases with the contraction of the rare-earth ionic radius.

Single-component materials capable of exhibiting both excitation-dependent fluorescence and time-resolved afterglow are highly desirable for advanced photonic applications, yet remain scarce.

Incorporating 4Cl-BZS into FAPbBr₃ perovskites relieves lattice strain and suppresses the detrimental yellow δ-phase. The optimized device architecture delivers stabilized α-phase perovskite solar cells with superior PCE of 10.57%.

A structural and optoelectronic investigation of Sn-Ge B-site alloyed perovskites across length scales.

Through d² ion doping, efficient near-infrared (NIR) luminescence and scintillation properties are achieved in vacancy-ordered double perovskites. Scintillation screens prepared from these samples can be successfully applied to X-ray imaging.

This work realizes strong confinement of CsPbBr₃ quantum dots through 2D-to-3D zeolite transformation and achieves efficient blue emission for backlight display applications.

Herein, novel variants of layered RP perovskites, Rb₂Ca(NO₃)₂Cl₂ and Cs₂Ca(NO₃)₂Cl₂, with good optical properties, have been synthesized. The properties of Rb₂Ca(NO₃)₂Cl₂ are outlined.

Toroidal ferroelectric nanostructures for high-efficiency DSSCs and photocatalysis are discussed.

Ni–Fe redox exsolution in Sr_0.95Ti_1−x+yFe_xNi_yO_3±δ were studied by TPR, XAS, STEM, and EPR. Ni interstitial sites enable mobility of Fe subotutional defect and Fe–Ni nanoparticle exsolution, enhancing RWGS via redox activity and H₂ dissociation.

In this work, we report the 3D perovskitoid (3-MAPA)Pb₂I₆, fabricated by incorporating the diamine cation (3-MAPA) to form hydrogen-bond network achieves high μτ and enables stable 377 nm UV photodetection with high responsivity and detectivity.

A 3D-printed Cd-doped Cs₄MnBi₂Cl₁₂/PLA composite achieves a water-stable X-ray scintillator with a 47% PLQY, 605 nm bright orange emission, and 5 LP mm⁻¹ spatial resolution under high-flux X-ray, supporting sustainable industrial imaging.

DPLCs in PMMA films enable high-resolution X-ray imaging with excellent radiation stability, high light yield, and tunable emission.

0D polar BHPs are constructed for self-powered X-ray detection, namely AP₂BiI₇. The detector exhibits highly stable X-ray detection performance, benefiting from the anchoring effect of the aromatic diamine cations.

The decomposition efficiency of LaCoO₃ can be precisely controlled by the substrate strain, whether tensile or compressive.

In this work, a self-powered X-ray detector based on a multilayer lead-free double perovskite ferroelectric (C₆H₅CH₂NH₃)₂CsAgBiBr₇ is developed, exhibiting a photovoltage of approximately 0.5 V and a high sensitivity of 47.2 μC Gy⁻¹ cm⁻² at 0 V.

(PMA)₂PbCl₄, undergoes anisotropic lattice contraction, octahedral distortions, and organic–inorganic coupling, driving a crossover from free-exciton to pressure-stable broadband emission due to self-trapped excitons.

A halogen-bond-induced polar hybrid perovskite exploits its bulk photovoltaic effect and heavy-metal framework for self-powered X-ray detection, achieving a sensitivity of 221.7 μC Gy⁻¹ cm⁻² and a low detection limit of 16.3 nGy s⁻¹ at 0 V bias.

An on-chip full-Stokes polarimeter using 1D chiral-polar perovskite (R/S-NEA)PbI₃ provides self-powered, low-noise operation. It achieves sub-percent Stokes accuracy, and ultra-high weak-light sensitivity for imaging.

Starch additives modulate perovskite crystallization, yielding uniform, high-quality films even under high humidity. This control boosts carbon-based PSC efficiency to 16.17% and doubles the T₈₀ lifetime under ISOS-L-1 testing.

Based on a quasi-two-dimensional hybrid perovskite system, antiferroelectric–antiferromagnetic multiferroic properties were realized using a polar rotor strategy from a non-ferroic hybrid.

Vacancy-induced ionic conduction across a thermotropic phase transition enables an ultrahigh dielectric switching ratio (DSR) in a lead halide hybrid.

Charge compensation via co-doping tetravalent ions and Mn²⁺ in Cs₂AgInCl₆ perovskite NCs stabilized heterovalent Mn²⁺/In³⁺ substitution, enabling high-resolution X-ray imaging.

We synthesized a novel 2D phenylammonium cadmium chloride perovskite (B-PACC) with enhanced RTP via boronic acid group-mediated crystallization. Mn²⁺ doping formed a heterojunction enabling red-to-blue dynamic RTP for multidimensional encryption.

While previous works focused on halide perovskites for applications near ambient temperature, this work describes several new solid PCMs that exhibit promising properties for industrial waste heat recovery and heat-pumping above 100 °C.

Revised spectral assignments are given for the electronic spectra of Cs₂NaBiCl₆ (Inorg. Chem. Front., 2022, 9, 6379–6390). Near infrared emissions are assigned to Fe³⁺ and Cr³⁺. Both are present as trace impurities in the samples.

Here we report on a series of new aziridinium-based perovskites with bismuth and antimony (AzrH)₃M₂X₉ (AzrH = aziridinium, M = Bi and Sb, X = Cl, Br, and I) which have versatile crystal structures and feature strong excitonic absorption.

Anionic design transforms the non-centrosymmetric [NMe₄][CH₃SO₃] with high T_c and SHG switching into the centrosymmetric [NMe₄][CF₃SO₃] with ferroelastic switching.

We identify oxygen as the dominant trigger of redox degradation in perovskite solar cells, where light accelerates I₃⁻/I₂ formation, offering mechanistic insights for designing more durable and stable devices.

Incorporation of tetraphenylethylene derivative reduces surface and grain boundary defects, enabling improved HOMO-level band alignment and significantly boosting perovskite solar cell performance.

A multifunctional lead-free CsCu₂I₃@g-C₃N₄ perovskite composite as a new paradigm in photocatalysis and energy storage.

The first 0D cyanide perovskite ferroelastic material, (MA)₃[Fe(CN)₆], exhibits remarkable birefringence switching up to 0.28, which is mediated by the cooperative rotation of the rigid Fe(CN)₆ octahedron during its phase transition.

This work demonstrates oxygen vacancy-induced intermediate state toward upconversion enhancement and enables three-mode optical thermometry.

Molecular-level packing of organic cations, luminescent ions, and oxidative anions enables efficient and stable coloured combustion in ternary salts, providing a new paradigm for next-generation pyrotechnic materials.

The lattices of (C₁₃H₁₇FeNH)PbI₃ and (C₁₃H₁₇FeNH)PbI₃·DEF can be converted into each other through the gain and loss of solvent molecules, and (C₁₃H₁₇FeNH)PbI₃ shows enhanced ability for the photocatalytic oxidation of toluene.

Based on a non-ferroic hybrid perovskite, the lowest symmetry 3D hybrid double-metal multiferroic was obtained through H/OH substitution and K–O coordinated bonds. This work provides profound insights into the design of molecular multiferroics.

Layered hybrid perovskite ferroelectrics have made significant strides in high-performance X-ray detection, attributed to their polarization-induced large built-in electric fields and excellent carrier mobility.

CsCl-doped PEDOT:PSS improves the stability and efficiency of inverted PSCs.

Multiple heterovalent ion doping in perovskite oxides was carried out through a comprehensive ultra-high-alkaline hydrothermal method to realize their negative dielectric properties.

A novel approach to time-resolved, multi-stage information encryption and anti-counterfeiting was presented, using hybrid antimony chloride materials capable of stepwise structural transformations and tunable photoluminescent properties.

An unprecedented molten salt synthesis approach was used to produce strontium manganese perovskites (ABO₃) and B-site substituted variants (SrMn_1−xFe_xO₃), which were effectively applied as electrocatalysts in zinc–air batteries.