Themed collection Peripheral immune tolerance: Celebrating the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine

Advancements in RA therapy from conventional drugs to nanomedicines based on immune cell therapy, which increases the specificity of the treatment and decreases the off-site effects, are reported. Images are created with BioRender.com.

Schematic of the immunomodulatory approaches for tipping the balance towards anti-cancer immunity. This image was created with BioRender.com.

Effective immune response is an indispensable process for peripheral nerve regeneration and the tissue engineering strategies provide an approach for regulating immune cells that promote nerve repair.

This review discusses the main nanomaterial-induced immunomodulatory mechanisms and how insights into these mechanisms lead to new therapeutic applications.

The advancement in nanotechnology brings in unique opportunities to meet the challenges in immunology and vaccine development.

New advances in biomaterial-based approaches to modulate the immune system are being applied to treat cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmunity.

Utilizing co-assembled nanoparticles composed of lipidated rapamycin and itaconic acid to enable repeatable administration of recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors by eliminating the formation of anti-drug antibodies.

A photosensitizer-based nanoplatform demonstrated amplified photodynamic immunotherapy by tumor microenvironment modulation.

In-Ru, a novel TDO-targeted indole-coordinated Ru(II) arene complex, induces DNA damage and necroptosis, further activates ICD effect and blocks TDO expression, thereby reversing immunosuppression and enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy.

An iridium(III) two-photon photosensitizer was demonstrated to effectively trigger melanoma cell death by a combination of ferroptosis and ICD, and also cause the systemic induction of an immune response.

A dual-targeting biomimetic codelivery and treatment strategy was developed for anti-glioma activity.

Food allergy (FA) has become a prominent problem in public health.

Cationic lipid-assisted PEG-PLGA nanoparticles regulate the immune balance by inducing tolerogenic dendritic cells and amplifying regulatory T cells.

Synbiotic supplementation could modulate Treg cells’ response in patients with axial spondyloarthritis.

Isomaltulose was found to be a promising therapeutic agent for the prevention and adjunctive treatment of UC by maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis and remodelling the gut microbiota.

Improving the deep penetration of nanoparticles and realizing the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy have become a promising strategy for cancer treatment.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of subchronic, oral, low-dose cadmium exposure (32 ppm over 10 weeks) on the rat immune system. We found that cadmium exposure increased the induction of IFNγ and IL-10 in T cells activated ex vivo after cadmium exposure.

We reported a bifunctional nanomodulator that could induce immunogenic cell death and decrease the immunosuppressive microenvironment to boost CpG-mediated cancer immunotherapy.

Fas cell surface death receptor activation by low molecular weight (57, 40 and 25 kDa) collagens was investigated based on MW and glycoprotein content.

Resveratrol maintained glucose600 dpi in TIF format)??> homeostasis and alleviated T-lymphocyte subset-related inflammatory response in the development of high-fat-diet-induced obesity.

Microparticulate systems are beginning to show promise for delivery of modulatory agents for immunotherapeutic applications which modulate dendritic cell (DC) functions.

The interaction of the inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) with its ligand (ICOSL) plays key roles in T-cell differentiation and activation of T-cell to B-cell functions.