Themed collection Nanoscale and Nanoscale Horizons: Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine

Hybrid inorganic/organic nanoparticles with exosomes can be applied as a novel platform for drug delivery systems. This biomimetic nanoplatform combines the functions of natural biomaterials to efficiently carry drugs to the center of cancer cells.

Nanoparticle-mediated mRNA delivery can increase the effectiveness of mRNA-based therapeutics and vaccines. These nanoparticles can deliver mRNA to treat liver diseases such as hepatocarcinoma and hepatotropic infections.

Engineered EVs containing an intelligent core have been designed to interact with a living host environment and function in an ideal situation. This review provides a new insight into design of next-generation EV-based theranostic platforms.

The scheme of loading drugs/decorations in nanodroplets and US/laser irradiated drug release (figure created with BioRender.com).

This review summarizes the nanotechnology-based COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics, including protein nanoparticle-based vaccines, lipid nanoparticle-formulated mRNA vaccines, and nanobodies as unique therapeutic antibodies.

Exosome seeded on the designed scaffold can achieve local and sustained-release for efficient tissue repair.

Exosome encapsulation protects and delivers AAV vectors for gene therapy.

Biolayer interferometry is used to distinguish between glycoforms of the same using lectin-functional nanoparticles as both readers, and signal enhancers. The use of this is exemplified with prostate specific antigen.

Self-assembled DNA is constructed to attenuate pulmonary vascular remodeling by restoring the endothelial barriers. Self-assembled DNA inhibits HPAEC growth by the Atg101/Beclin-1/VE-cadherin pathway.

We report a sensor based on polyclonal aptamer libraries which is capable of label-free discrimination between retinol binding protein 4 isoforms (an important biomarker for kidney disease and diabetes) at sub-nM concentrations.

We present an innovative approach allowing the identification, isolation, and molecular characterization of disease-related exosomes based on their different antigenic reactivities.

Painless and controlled on-demand drug delivery is the ultimate goal for the management of various chronic diseases, including diabetes.

A self-amplifying nanodrug was precisely designed to reprogram the Janus-faced nature of ferroptosis via harnessing the positive role of ferroptosis along with reversing its inherent negative role to achieve optimal ferroptotic tumor therapy.

Neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy based on a potent immunostimulatory nanoparticle resulted in significant efficacy, curative responses, and protective immunological memory.

A concept of cancer treatment is developed by imposing large graphene oxide sheets as a “cage” on cancer cells to limit their spatial behavior through the inhibition of cell migration and invasion, which directly addresses the defining trait of cancer on the cellular level.

Encapsulation of pH-responsive polyprodrugs in semipermeable nanocontainers enables controlled release of water-soluble low molecular weight drugs under acidic conditions.

In breast cancer model, we identified C–C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) as the key mediator which is secreted by tumor associated adipocytes, and developed targeted lipid-protamine-DNA (LPD) nanoparticles to locally “trap” CCL2 to ameliorate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.

An immunostimulatory nanoparticle was specifically designed to boost the local innate immune compartment of brain tumors leading to a robust antitumor immune response.

A detailed anti-inflammatory mechanism study of CeO₂ nanozymes with reactive oxygen species scavenging abilities toward periodontitis treatment advances future nanozyme-based clinical applications.

A self-powered microRNA biosensor with triple signal amplification systems was assembled through the integration of three-dimensional DNA walkers, enzymatic biofuel cells and a capacitor.

SERS can “see through” varying lipoprotein contamination present in extracellular vesicles isolated from cancer patient samples for accurate diagnostic classification.

An exosome linked to RAGE-binding-peptide was developed as a hypoxia-specific carrier for nose-to-brain delivery of anti-microRNA oligonucleotide for ischemic stroke therapy.

Improving the deep penetration of nanoparticles and realizing the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy have become a promising strategy for cancer treatment.

Polydopamine nanoparticles camouflaged with stem cell membranes could effectively target tumor sites and showed excellent performance in synergistic chemoimmunotherapy for PCa bone metastases.

Lung cancer is one of deadliest and most life threatening cancer types.

Nanosulin – a highly stable multilayer insulin-coated nanoliposome, enhanced insulin permeation across the intestinal epithelium and maintained bioactivity via oral administration in vivo.

Local minimally-invasive EV delivery on a thermo-actuated PF-127 gel enhanced EV residence time in colo-cutaneous fistulas promoting a therapeutic effect.

Inspired by the self-assembly approach, in this work, the chromogen, 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), was successfully co-precipitated in aqueous solution to form collective nanoparticles (NPs) of signal molecules (TMB-NPs).