Issue 42, 2017

Design and mechanism of core–shell TiO2 nanoparticles as a high-performance photothermal agent

Abstract

Photothermal agents (PTAs) with high biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy have become particularly fascinating, however, knowledge of their photothermal performance is rather limited. Herein, rationally designed core–shell TiO2 nanoparticles have been fabricated using a mild hydrogenation method, where NaBH4 was used as the H2 source. The resultant TiO2 possesses strong optical absorption in the NIR region and remarkable photothermal conversion capability and stability, leading to a high inhibition rate on cancer cells. In particular, its photothermal conversion efficiency is as high as 55.2%, which is 204% that of the fully hydrogenated amorphous TiO2. More importantly, the underlying mechanism is proposed. It is revealed that while the oxygen vacancies induced by the hydrogenation can introduce defect levels in the band gap and enhance the optical absorption, the superfluous oxygen vacancies and defects reduce the photothermal conversion capability and thermal conductivity to a large extent. Controlling the hydrogenation degree and maintaining a certain extent of crystallization are, therefore, crucial to the photothermal properties. This new understanding of the photothermal conversion mechanism may have provided a fresh route to design and optimize PTAs and inspire considerable interest to turn a large variety of semiconductor metal oxides into competent PTAs by appropriate hydrogenation.

Graphical abstract: Design and mechanism of core–shell TiO2 nanoparticles as a high-performance photothermal agent

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
21 Eph 2017
Accepted
27 Aga 2017
First published
28 Aga 2017

Nanoscale, 2017,9, 16183-16192

Design and mechanism of core–shell TiO2 nanoparticles as a high-performance photothermal agent

L. Sun, Z. Li, Z. Li, Y. Hu, C. Chen, C. Yang, B. Du, Y. Sun, F. Besenbacher and M. Yu, Nanoscale, 2017, 9, 16183 DOI: 10.1039/C7NR02848B

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