Issue 51, 2023

Novel Cu(ii) acidic deep eutectic solvent as an efficient and green multifunctional catalytic solvent system in base-free conditions to synthesize 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles

Abstract

A novel green Cu(II)-acidic deep eutectic solvent (Cu(II)-ADES) bearing copper salt, choline chloride, and gallic acid ([ChCl]4[2GA-Cu(II)]) was synthesized and thoroughly specified by physicochemical approaches such as FT-IR, EDX, XRD, Mapping, ICP, and UV-Vis analyses and physicochemical properties. After the detection of authentic data, the central composite design (CCD) was utilized to accomplish the pertaining tests and develop the optimum condition, and, in the following, [ChCl]4[2GA-Cu(II)] was applied as a green multifunctional catalytic solvent system in reducing agent-free and base-free condition for the three-component click reaction from sodium azide, alkyl, allyl, ester, and benzyl halide, and terminal alkyne made from amines and caprolactam as a cyclic amide to furnish a successful new library of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles with a yield of up to 98%. The Cu(II)-ADES is stable and can comfortably be recovered and reused without a considerable decline in its acting for seven cycles. This triazole synthesizing methodology is distinguished via its atom economy, operational facility, short reaction times, diverse substrate scope, and high performance for large-scale synthesis of the desired products including: –CN and –NO2 as efficient functional groups.

Graphical abstract: Novel Cu(ii) acidic deep eutectic solvent as an efficient and green multifunctional catalytic solvent system in base-free conditions to synthesize 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
26 9月 2023
Accepted
01 12月 2023
First published
14 12月 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

RSC Adv., 2023,13, 36403-36415

Novel Cu(II) acidic deep eutectic solvent as an efficient and green multifunctional catalytic solvent system in base-free conditions to synthesize 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles

N. Bagherzadeh, M. Amiri and A. R. Sardarian, RSC Adv., 2023, 13, 36403 DOI: 10.1039/D3RA06570G

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.

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