Issue 13, 2022

Carbon-based electrically conductive materials for bone repair and regeneration

Abstract

Electrically conductive polymers and carbon-based materials are emerging as promising biomaterials for applications in bone tissue engineering solutions. Carbon-based conductive materials may be more suitable alternatives due to their ability to adsorb proteins, act as load-bearing materials, and accelerate bone regeneration and maturation through exogenous electrical stimulation. Furthermore, incorporating carbon-based conductive materials into bone tissue engineering scaffolds better mimics the natural structural and electrically conductive properties of the native bone. This review discusses the in vitro and in vivo performances of one-dimensional and two-dimensional carbon-based conductive materials and their applications as three-dimensional scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Cellular processing mechanisms of carbon-based conductive materials are summarized to understand better the cellular uptake, degradation, and excretion of these conductive materials if they were to be delivered to the human body to treat bone defects. Both in vitro and in vivo models are discussed to provide insight into the role played by the carbon-based electrically conductive bone scaffold, which may lead to clinical translation.

Graphical abstract: Carbon-based electrically conductive materials for bone repair and regeneration

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
05 1月 2022
Accepted
10 5月 2022
First published
13 5月 2022
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Mater. Adv., 2022,3, 5186-5206

Carbon-based electrically conductive materials for bone repair and regeneration

R. Arambula-Maldonado and K. Mequanint, Mater. Adv., 2022, 3, 5186 DOI: 10.1039/D2MA00001F

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