Issue 18, 2022

When AIE meets enzymes

Abstract

With the rapid development of physiopathology and the surge in demand for comprehension of micro-scale physiological events, AIE-based bio-probes are found superior in presenting precise and practical results in enzyme imaging and analysis with a high signal-to-noise ratio and non-destructive operation. By delivering enzyme-responding “light-up” fluorescence signals, the visual and real-time tracking of the distribution and activity of intracellular enzymes is accomplished with AIE-based bio-probes. In particular, by combining with modern nano-encapsulation technologies, AIE-based compounds can realize the simultaneous diagnosis and treatment of specific diseases that are difficult to deal with through traditional strategies. This review summarizes and generalizes the typical AIE-based bio-probes reported recently based on the AIE mechanisms of solubility changes, excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), electrostatic interactions, and hydrophobic interactions, expounding their great values in the bio-sensing and bio-medicine field. Advanced enzyme detection and estimation, cell identification, disease diagnosis, and controlled drug release are demonstrated with high confidence and reproducibility. Through the in-depth analysis of these bio-probes’ design and working principles, currently existing drawbacks and further future directions are subsequently proposed to promote a more prosperous development of AIE-based enzyme probes.

Graphical abstract: When AIE meets enzymes

Article information

Article type
Critical Review
Submitted
21 ⵉⴱⵔ 2022
Accepted
26 ⵢⵓⵍ 2022
First published
27 ⵢⵓⵍ 2022

Analyst, 2022,147, 3958-3973

When AIE meets enzymes

G. Feng, S. Liao, Y. Liu, H. Zhang, X. Luo, X. Zhou and J. Fang, Analyst, 2022, 147, 3958 DOI: 10.1039/D2AN00679K

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