Issue 37, 2022

Critical problems faced in Raman-based energy transport characterization of nanomaterials

Abstract

In the last two decades, tremendous research has been conducted on the discovery, design and synthesis, characterization, and applications of two-dimensional (2D) materials. Thermal conductivity and interface thermal conductance/resistance of 2D materials are two critical properties in their applications. Raman spectroscopy, which measures the inelastic scattering of photons by optical phonons, can distinct a 2D material's temperature from its surrounding materials', featuring unprecedented spatial resolution (down to the atomic level). Raman-based thermometry has been used tremendously for characterizing the thermal conductivity of 2D materials (suspended or supported) and interface thermal conductance/resistance. Very large data deviations have been observed in literature, partly due to physical phenomena and factors not considered in measurements. Here, we provide a critical review, analysis, and perspectives about a broad spectrum of physical problems faced in Raman-based thermal characterization of 2D materials, namely interface separation, localized stress due to thermal expansion mismatch, optical interference, conjugated phonon, and hot carrier transport, optical–acoustic phonon thermal nonequilibrium, and radiative electron–hole recombination in monolayer 2D materials. Neglect of these problems will lead to a physically unreasonable understanding of phonon transport and interface energy coupling. In-depth discussions are also provided on the energy transport state-resolved Raman (ET-Raman) technique to overcome these problems and on future research challenges and needs.

Graphical abstract: Critical problems faced in Raman-based energy transport characterization of nanomaterials

  • This article is part of the themed collection: PCCP Reviews

Article information

Article type
Perspective
Submitted
10 ⵎⴰⵢ 2022
Accepted
23 ⵢⵓⵍ 2022
First published
27 ⵢⵓⵍ 2022
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022,24, 22390-22404

Critical problems faced in Raman-based energy transport characterization of nanomaterials

R. Wang, N. Hunter, H. Zobeiri, S. Xu and X. Wang, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, 22390 DOI: 10.1039/D2CP02126A

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