Issue 5, 2022

Recent progress in the development of porous carbon-based electrodes for sensing applications

Abstract

Electrochemical (bio)sensors are considered clean and powerful analytical tools capable of converting an electrochemical reaction between analytes and electrodes into a quantitative signal. They are an important part of our daily lives integrated in various fields such as healthcare, food and environmental monitoring. Several strategies including the incorporation of porous carbon materials in its configuration have been applied to improve their sensitivity and selectivity in the last decade. The porosity, surface area, graphitic structure as well as chemical composition of materials greatly influence the electrochemical performance of the sensors. In this review, activated carbons, ordered mesoporous carbons, graphene-based materials, and MOF-derived carbons, which are used to date as crucial elements of electrochemical devices, are described, starting from their textural and chemical compositions to their role in the outcome of electrochemical sensors. Several relevant and meaningful examples about material synthesis, sensor fabrication and applications are illustrated and described. The closer perspectives of these fascinating materials forecast a promising future for the electrochemical sensing field.

Graphical abstract: Recent progress in the development of porous carbon-based electrodes for sensing applications

Article information

Article type
Critical Review
Submitted
01 ⵏⵓⵡ 2021
Accepted
14 ⵉⵏⵏ 2022
First published
17 ⵉⵏⵏ 2022

Analyst, 2022,147, 767-783

Recent progress in the development of porous carbon-based electrodes for sensing applications

A. Casanova, J. Iniesta and A. Gomis-Berenguer, Analyst, 2022, 147, 767 DOI: 10.1039/D1AN01978C

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