Unexpected compositional and structural modification of CoPt3 nanoparticles by extensive surface purification

Abstract

We combined synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering, X-ray fluorescence and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy to probe the structure of chemically synthesized CoPt₃ nanoparticles (NPs) after ligand removal via the commonly accepted solvent/nonsolvent approach. We showed that the improved catalytic activity of extensively purified NPs could not be explained only in terms of a “cleaner” surface. We found that extensive surface purification results in the substantial leaching of the Co atoms from the chemically synthesized CoPt₃ NPs transforming them into CoPt₃/Pt core/shell structures with an unexpectedly thick (∼0.5 nm) Pt shell. We indicated that the improved catalytic activity of extensively purified NPs in octyne hydrogenation reaction can be explained by the formation of CoPt₃/Pt core/shell structures. Also, we demonstrated that drastic compositional and structural transformation of water transferred CoPt₃ NPs was rather a result of extensive removal of native ligands via a solvent/nonsolvent approach than leaching of cobalt atoms in aqueous media. We expect that these findings can be relevant to other transition metal based multicomponent NPs.