Porous hollow MoS2 microspheres derived from core–shell sulfonated polystyrene microspheres@MoS2 nanosheets for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Abstract

Porous hollow MoS₂ microspheres were fabricated from core–shell monodisperse sulfonated polystyrene (SPS) microspheres@MoS₂ nanosheets by pyrolysis at 800 °C under a N₂ atmosphere. SPS microspheres were employed as the template and carbon precursor. The composite was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N₂ adsorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The unique hollow structure not only enlarges the specific surface area and increases Mo-edge active sites, but also facilitates the diffusion of the electrolyte. Furthermore, the residual porous carbons in the hollow MoS₂ microspheres were produced due to the incomplete decomposition of SPS, which will enhance the conductivity of the composite, thus promoting the electrocatalytic activity of hydrogen evolution. The as-prepared porous hollow MoS₂ exhibits a low overpotential of 90 mV associated with a low Tafel slope of 51 mV per decade and excellent stability in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).