Issue 4, 2016

Cell refractive index for cell biology and disease diagnosis: past, present and future

Abstract

Cell refractive index is a key biophysical parameter, which has been extensively studied. It is correlated with other cell biophysical properties including mechanical, electrical and optical properties, and not only represents the intracellular mass and concentration of a cell, but also provides important insight for various biological models. Measurement techniques developed earlier only measure the effective refractive index of a cell or a cell suspension, providing only limited information on cell refractive index and hence hindering its in-depth analysis and correlation. Recently, the emergence of microfluidic, photonic and imaging technologies has enabled the manipulation of a single cell and the 3D refractive index of a single cell down to sub-micron resolution, providing powerful tools to study cells based on refractive index. In this review, we provide an overview of cell refractive index models and measurement techniques including microfluidic chip-based techniques for the last 50 years, present the applications and significance of cell refractive index in cell biology, hematology, and pathology, and discuss future research trends in the field, including 3D imaging methods, integration with microfluidics and potential applications in new and breakthrough research areas.

Graphical abstract: Cell refractive index for cell biology and disease diagnosis: past, present and future

Article information

Article type
Critical Review
Submitted
26 ⵏⵓⵡ 2015
Accepted
16 ⴷⵓⵊ 2015
First published
17 ⴷⵓⵊ 2015

Lab Chip, 2016,16, 634-644

Cell refractive index for cell biology and disease diagnosis: past, present and future

P. Y. Liu, L. K. Chin, W. Ser, H. F. Chen, C.-M. Hsieh, C.-H. Lee, K.-B. Sung, T. C. Ayi, P. H. Yap, B. Liedberg, K. Wang, T. Bourouina and Y. Leprince-Wang, Lab Chip, 2016, 16, 634 DOI: 10.1039/C5LC01445J

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