Along the gut-bone marrow signaling pathway: Use of longan polysaccharides to regenerate blood cell after chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression

Abstract

Although it has been established that polysaccharides have an effect on bone marrow haematopoiesis, it remains unclear how polysaccharides regulate bone marrow haematopoiesis during absorption and metabolism in vivo. In this study, longan polysaccharide in large molecular weight (TLPL) on gut microbiota of mice and its implications for the hematopoietic process in bone marrow was discussed. Here, the results show that after 21 days of TLPL consumption, the respective quantities of white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin and bone marrow nucleated cells were determined to be 3.18 ± 1.71 (109/L), 1238.10 ± 164.41 (109/L), 135.10 ± 4.95 (g/L), and 1.70×107, which reached 56.98%, 117.28%, and 47.74% of NC. TLPL both increased the thymus and spleen index by up to 2.08 ± 0.64 (mg/g) and 6.49 ± 2.45 (mg/g), respectively. Additionally, TLPL remodeled of the gut microbiota with a significant increase in Lactobacillus in particular, and a significant increase in the level of the potential intestinal metabolite lactate detected in serum. Most importantly a similarly significant up-regulation of the gene expression of the lactate receptor, Gpr81, in the myeloid cells. These changes contributed to the activation of the secretion of various cytokines associated with haematopoiesis, with the levels of G-CSF, EPO, SCF and PF4 increased by 2.44 times, 1.14 times, 1.56 times and 1.13 times, compared to MC group respectively, subsequently accelerated bone marrow cell and blood cell production. The findings of this study reveal the unique mechanism of dried longan polysaccharides in ameliorating myelosuppression and provide a feasible strategy for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression with bioactive polysaccharides.