Issue 9, 2023

An aggregation induced emission active bis-heteroleptic ruthenium(ii) complex for luminescence light-up detection of pyrophosphate ions

Abstract

A red emissive ruthenium(II) complex 1[PF6]2 of an amino ethanol substituted 1,10-phenanthroline-based ligand (L1) has been developed and characterized by spectroscopic analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 shows an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) enhancement and forms nano-aggregates in the poor solvent water and highly dense polyethylene glycol (PEG) media. The possible reason behind the AIE properties may be the rigidity gained through weak supramolecular interactions between neighbouring phenanthroline ligands and PF6 counterions. The AIE properties were supported by UV-vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies to substantiate the formation of nano-aggregates and to understand the morphology of the aggregated particles, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies were performed. Compound 1[PF6]2 was highly selective towards pyrophosphate ions (PPi) over other phosphates such as ATP, ADP, AMP and H2PO4 ions and other competitive anions in the PL spectroscopic channel in acetonitrile. The PL titrations of 1[PF6]2 with PPi in CH3CN furnished the association constant Ka = 1.08 × 104 M−1 and the detection limit was calculated as low as 1.54 μM. The PPi detection has been established through the unique H-bonding interaction, supported by 1H NMR titration. Finally, the cytotoxicity study and bioimaging were carried out for biological application. The complex shows very low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility and is suitable for intracellular PPi imaging.

Graphical abstract: An aggregation induced emission active bis-heteroleptic ruthenium(ii) complex for luminescence light-up detection of pyrophosphate ions

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
25 Жов 2022
Accepted
20 Січ 2023
First published
23 Січ 2023

Dalton Trans., 2023,52, 2592-2602

An aggregation induced emission active bis-heteroleptic ruthenium(II) complex for luminescence light-up detection of pyrophosphate ions

S. K. Patra, M. Rabha, B. Sen, K. Aguan and S. Khatua, Dalton Trans., 2023, 52, 2592 DOI: 10.1039/D2DT03469G

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements