Indolizines were synthesized via [(5+1)−1] cyclization of chloroacetamides with zwitterionic thiolates. An ortho-hydroxyl group enhanced carbonyl activation and α-CH2 reactivity through intramolecular hydrogen bonding, supported by DFT calculations.
Developments in the synthesis of indolizines during the last decade are reviewed, with special emphasis given to strategies relying on pyrrole derivatives and on π-expanded systems.
4-(Trimethylsilyl)-3-butyn-2-one is an effective dipolarophile in the [3+2] cycloaddition reaction with cycloimmonium salts to obtain bioactive non-silicon adducts, namely 1-acetylindolizines, but also trimethylsilyl-containing adducts.
This review summarizes recent advances in electrochemical and photocatalytic C–H functionalization of indolizines, with an emphasis on the construction of C–C and C–X (X = S, Se, N, Cl, Br, etc.) bonds.
This study introduces enantioselective indolizine alkylation with aminals via chiral phosphoric acid catalysis, featuring scalable, functional group-tolerant processes, enabling access to diverse C1/C3-alkylated indolizines.