Antenna effect enhanced ECL immunoassay using microfloral europium porphyrin coordination polymers based on Eu3+ and TCPP for the detection of chloramphenicol in foods

Abstract

The “antenna effect” is one of the most important energy transfer modes in lanthanide light-emitting polymers. In this study, novel luminescent nanostructured coordination polymers (Eu–PCP) were synthesized in one step using Eu³⁺ as the central metal ion and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP) as the organic ligand. The unique “antenna effect” observed between Eu³⁺ and TCPP leads to a substantial improvement in the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emission efficiency. Eu–PCP exhibits good cathodic ECL characteristics. Additionally, Au@SnS₂ nanosheets exhibit favorable electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, and a significant specific surface area. This makes them a suitable choice as substrate materials for the modification of electrode surfaces and capturing antigens. Being well known, the development of sensitive and rapid methods to detect chloramphenicol is essential for food safety. Based on this, we report a novel competitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay to achieve ultra-sensitive and highly specific detection of chloramphenicol. The linear range was 0.0002–500 ng mL⁻¹ and the detection limit was 0.09 pg mL⁻¹. Apart from that, the experimental results proved that it provided a new analytical tool for the detection of antibiotic residues in food safety.