A Review of Material Design for High Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators: Performance Improvement Based on Charge Generation and Charge Loss

Abstract

As a type of innovative device, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are capable to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through the triboelectric effect. Based on the working mechanism, the output performance of TENGs heavily relies on the triboelectric materials used. The modification of triboelectric materials is the most efficient way to improve the TENGs’ output performance. Herein, this review focuses on the recent progress in triboelectric material design for high performance TENGs. Firstly, the basic theory of TENGs is introduced. Second, the relationship between the triboelectric materials and the TENGs’ output performance is summarized in detail based on a theoretical model of triboelectric charge dynamic equilibrium. Furthermore, the relevant strategies are analyzed in detail. Finally, the challenges and shortcomings of the triboelectric materials for high performance TENGs are pointed out. This review provides the research basis for the research status and future development of triboelectric materials.