This review summarises recent developments in palladium-catalyzed directed and nondirected C–H functionalization approaches to access C-branched aryl/alkenyl/alkyl glycosides with reaction characteristics and proposed mechanisms.
A powerful method is developed utilizing excited-state palladium-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura reaction to synthesize C-aryl glycosides. It can be applied to a wide range of aryl and heteroaryl boronic ester substrates as well as glycosyl chlorides.
Ni-catalyzed 1,4-migration enables stereoselective C-aryl glycoside synthesis from aryl halides and glycosyl chlorides. This directing-group-free method is mild, scalable, and proceeds via a radical mechanism with reversible Ni(II) migration.
This review outlines recent advances in synthesizing gem-C,C-glycosides (i.e., glycomimetics with quaternary pseudo-anomeric centers), emphasizing innovative approaches like C–H activation and HAT methods.
A novel photoredox-catalyzed radical conjugate addition of 1,4-dihydropyridine-derived glycosyl esters and dehydroalanine derivatives via anomeric C(sp3)–O bond homolysis to construct C-glycosyl amino acids and peptides is for the first time described.