Issue 16, 2020

Ultrasensitive self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence sensor based on novel PAN@Ru@PEI@Nafion nanofiber mat

Abstract

In the present work, a novel self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) composite was for the first time prepared by simply electrospinning a mixture of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), Ru(bpy)32+, poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) and Nafion, and defined as PAN@Ru@PEI@Nafion nanofiber mat (PAN@Ru@PEI@Nafionnfm). Herein, Ru(bpy)32+ was applied as an ECL reagent, and PEI was selected as a co-reactant due to the abundant tertiary amine groups in its backbone. In order to further improve the ECL efficiency of the Ru(bpy)32+–PEI system, we innovatively loaded Ru(bpy)32+ and PEI into PAN nanofibers simultaneously by a one-step electrospinning technique. As a result, the electronic transmission distance between them was sharply shortened. Meanwhile, with the help of electrostatic interaction between positively charged Ru(bpy)32+ or PEI and negatively charged Nafion, exfoliation of Ru(bpy)32+ and PEI from the PAN nanofiber mat was effectively avoided. As expected, the luminous nanofibers exhibited excellent ECL performance including high efficiency and good stability. On this basis, we fabricated a new self-enhanced ECL sensor with excellent analysis performance. Using α-naphthol as an analytical probe, the sensor showed a wide linear range from 1.0 × 10−12 to 1.0 × 10−7 M with a low detection limit of 1.0 × 10−12 M. When it was applied to detect α-naphthol from carbaryl hydrolysis, the results were well consistent with those obtained from the high efficiency liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method, indicating the potential application of the ECL sensor in real sample assays.

Graphical abstract: Ultrasensitive self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence sensor based on novel PAN@Ru@PEI@Nafion nanofiber mat

  • This article is part of the themed collection: Biosensors

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
16 Okt 2019
Accepted
04 Des 2019
First published
06 Des 2019

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2020,8, 3590-3597

Ultrasensitive self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence sensor based on novel PAN@Ru@PEI@Nafion nanofiber mat

L. Li, L. Zhou, X. Liu and T. You, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2020, 8, 3590 DOI: 10.1039/C9TB02287B

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