Issue 23, 2016

Photosensitized samarium(iii) and erbium(iii) complexes of planar N,N-donor heterocyclic bases: crystal structures and evaluation of biological activity

Abstract

Samarium(III) and erbium(III) complexes, namely [Sm(dpq)(DMF)2(H2O)Cl3] (1), [Sm(dppz)(DMF)2(H2O)Cl3] (2), [Er(dpq)(DMF)2Cl3] (3) and [Er(dppz)2Cl3] (4) (dipyrido[3,2-d:2′,3′-f]quinoxaline (dpq in 1 and 3), dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine (dppz in 2 and 4), N,N′-dimethylformamide (DMF) and water (H2O)), have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The X-ray crystal structures of complexes 1–4 show discrete mononuclear Ln(III)-based structures. Sm(III) in [Sm(dpq)(DMF)2(H2O)Cl3] (1) and [Sm(dppz)(DMF)2(H2O)Cl3] (2) adopts an eight-coordinated distorted square antiprism structure with a bidentate N,N-donor dpq/dppz ligand, three Cl anions, two DMF molecules and one water molecule. The Er(III) complexes, [Er(dpq)(DMF)2Cl3] (3) and [Er(dppz)2Cl3] (4), show a seven-coordinated monocapped octahedral structure where Er(III) is coordinated to a bidentate dpq/dppz ligand, two DMF molecules and three Cl anions. The crystal lattices of the complexes show intermolecular π–π stacking interactions between the planar dpq and dppz ligands. Considering the planarity and photosensitizing ability of the coordinated dpq and dppz ligands, the complexes were studied for their binding interaction with DNA and proteins and their photo-induced DNA cleavage activity. They display significant binding propensity to CT-DNA (Kb ∼ 104 M−1) in the order: 2, 4 (dppz) > 1, 3 (dpq). Complexes 1–4 bind DNA through groove binding and partial intercalation. All the complexes also show binding propensity (KBSA ∼ 105 M−1) to bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein. Complexes 1–4 efficiently cleave supercoiled (SC) ds-DNA to its nicked circular (NC) form upon exposure to UV-A light of 365 nm via formation of singlet oxygen (1O2) and a hydroxyl radical (HO˙) as reactive oxygen species in a photoredox pathway.

Graphical abstract: Photosensitized samarium(iii) and erbium(iii) complexes of planar N,N-donor heterocyclic bases: crystal structures and evaluation of biological activity

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
05 dec 2015
Accepted
08 feb 2016
First published
01 mar 2016

CrystEngComm, 2016,18, 4313-4322

Author version available

Photosensitized samarium(III) and erbium(III) complexes of planar N,N-donor heterocyclic bases: crystal structures and evaluation of biological activity

S. Dasari, Z. Abbas, P. Kumar and A. K. Patra, CrystEngComm, 2016, 18, 4313 DOI: 10.1039/C5CE02387D

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