Issue 18, 2024

Lab-on-a-lollipop (LoL) platform for preventing food-induced toxicity: all-in-one system for saliva sampling and electrochemical detection of vanillin

Abstract

Saliva has emerged as a primary biofluid for non-invasive disease diagnostics. Saliva collection involves using kits where individuals stimulate saliva production via a chewing device like a straw, then deposit the saliva into a designated collection tube. This process may pose discomfort to patients due to the necessity of producing large volumes of saliva and transferring it to the collection vessel. This work has developed a saliva collection and analysis device where the patient operates it like a lollipop, stimulating saliva production. The lollipop-mimic device contains yarn-based microfluidic channels that sample saliva and transfer it to the sensing zone embedded in the stem of the device. We have embedded electrochemical sensors in the lollipop platform to measure vanillin levels in saliva. Vanillin is the most common food flavoring additive and is added to most desserts such as ice cream, cakes, and cookies. Overconsumption of vanillin can cause side effects such as muscle weakness, and damage to the liver, kidneys, stomach, and lungs. We detected vanillin using direct oxidation at a laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrode. We showed a dynamic range of 2.5 μM to 30 μM, covering the physiologically relevant concentration of vanillin in saliva. The lab-on-a-lollipop platform requires only 200 μL of saliva and less than 2 minutes to fill the channels and complete the measurement. This work introduces the first sensor-embedded lollipop-mimic saliva collection and measurement system.

Graphical abstract: Lab-on-a-lollipop (LoL) platform for preventing food-induced toxicity: all-in-one system for saliva sampling and electrochemical detection of vanillin

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
20 Mot 2024
Accepted
15 Pha 2024
First published
29 Pha 2024

Lab Chip, 2024,24, 4306-4320

Lab-on-a-lollipop (LoL) platform for preventing food-induced toxicity: all-in-one system for saliva sampling and electrochemical detection of vanillin

H. Ma, S. Khazaee Nejad, D. Vargas Ramos, A. Al-Shami, A. Soleimani, F. Amirghasemi, M. A. Mohamed and M. P. S. Mousavi, Lab Chip, 2024, 24, 4306 DOI: 10.1039/D4LC00436A

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