Issue 47, 2021

Investigation of the blue color center in β-Ga2O3 crystals by the EFG method

Abstract

Beta-type gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3) has attracted enormous attention for application as a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) semiconductor due to its wide bandgap at around 4.9 eV. However, unintentionally doped β-Ga2O3 crystals by the edge-defined film-fed growth (EFG) method have blue coloration in some cases, making their application as TCO a challenge. Herein, we focus on the investigation of the blue color center in β-Ga2O3 crystals grown by EFG. Glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS) was used to measure the impurity concentrations. X-ray diffraction revealed contraction of the crystal lattice in the blue area. The wet etching method was used to demonstrate the density of etch pits. The blue emission with high intensity from cathodoluminescence (CL) proved the existence of a sufficient number of vacancies in the blue area. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that GaI3d (Ga+) abounded in the blue area. Transmission spectroscopy combined with capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurement provided evidence that the blue area with lower transmittance from UV to NIR was more conductive. GaI3d (Ga+) induced by vacancies was speculated to be the blue color center. The blue color center can be removed by high-temperature annealing in an oxygen atmosphere.

Graphical abstract: Investigation of the blue color center in β-Ga2O3 crystals by the EFG method

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
12 Pha 2021
Accepted
11 Mph 2021
First published
21 Mph 2021

CrystEngComm, 2021,23, 8360-8366

Investigation of the blue color center in β-Ga2O3 crystals by the EFG method

B. Fu, W. Mu, Y. Li, Y. Shi, Y. Li, Z. Jia and X. Tao, CrystEngComm, 2021, 23, 8360 DOI: 10.1039/D1CE01078F

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