Combining negative photoconductivity and resistive switching towards in-memory logic operations

Abstract

A family of rudorffites based on silver-bismuth-iodide shows a transition from a conventional positive photoconductivity (PPC) to an unusual negative photoconductivity (NPC) upon variation in the precursor stoichiometry while forming the rudorffites. The NPC has arisen in silver-rich rudorffites due to the generation of illumination-induced trap-states which prompted the recombination of charge carriers and thereby a decrease in the conductivity of the compounds. In addition to photoconductivity, sandwiched devices based on all the rudorffites exhibited resistive switching between a pristine high resistive state (HRS) and a low resistive state (LRS) under a suitable voltage pulse; the switching process, which is reversible, is associated with a memory phenomenon. The devices based on NPC-exhibiting rudorffites switched to the HRS under illumination as well. That is, the resistive state of the devices could be controlled through both electrical and optical inputs. We employed such interesting optoelectronic properties of NPC-exhibiting rudorffites to exhibit OR logic gate operation. Because the devices could function as a logic gate and store the resistive state as well, we concluded that the materials could be an ideal candidate for in-memory logic operations.