Issue 41, 2019

Knock-on synthesis of tritopic calix[4]pyrrole host for enhanced anion interactions

Abstract

Interactions of anionic guests with a tritopic peripherally functionalized conjugated calix[4]pyrrole host (1) prepared using a regioselective synthetic method is reported. The regioselectivity of synthesis relies on selective N-alkylation of the calix[4]pyrrole caused by peripheral substitution of one pyrrole group with subsequent N-alkylation at the opposing pyrrole group termed by us ‘knock-on’ regioselectivity. The resulting host molecule exhibits anion interactions with common chloride and nitrate anions enhanced by an order of magnitude over the parent conjugated calix[4]pyrrole. Combined analysis of 1H NMR and UV-vis spectroscopic titration data enabled an evaluation of binding strengths of anions with the host KA in a binding model where the salt dissociation process is also incorporated in the form of its dissociation constant Kd. Anions could be classified as two types based on their interactions with 1: Type A anions (chloride, nitrate, perchlorate, hydrogensulphate) associate as 1 : 1 complexes through hydrogen bonding while interactions involving Type B anions (acetate, fluoride, dihydrogenphosphate) are complicated by host deprotonation and/or countercation association. Hosts based on rim-functionalized calix[4]pyrroles such as 1 represent a promising new family of chromophores for estimation of biologically relevant anions or other species.

Graphical abstract: Knock-on synthesis of tritopic calix[4]pyrrole host for enhanced anion interactions

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
04 jun 2019
Accepted
22 jul 2019
First published
23 jul 2019

Dalton Trans., 2019,48, 15583-15596

Author version available

Knock-on synthesis of tritopic calix[4]pyrrole host for enhanced anion interactions

M. K. Chahal, J. Labuta, V. Březina, P. A. Karr, Y. Matsushita, W. A. Webre, D. T. Payne, K. Ariga, F. D'Souza and J. P. Hill, Dalton Trans., 2019, 48, 15583 DOI: 10.1039/C9DT02365H

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