Mechanistic studies and optimisation of a Pd-catalysed direct arylation reaction using phosphine-free systems

Abstract

The initial step of a Pd-catalysed phosphine-free direct arylation reaction was investigated to provide mechanistic insight, leading to optimisation of the catalytic reaction. On the basis of our observations, the amount of the Pd(OAc)₂ catalyst was reduced to 1 mol%, affording a good yield of the desired product in combination with a reduction in the amount of by-products.