Advancing next-generation proton exchange membrane fuel cell design through multi-physics and AI modeling

Guobin Zhang, Zhiguo Qu, Qiang Zheng, Yichen Zhou, Ning Wang and Yun Wang

Energy Environ. Sci., 2026, 19, 126
DOI: 10.1039/D5EE04599A

Towards ultralow platinum loading proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Linhao Fan, Hao Deng, Yingguang Zhang, Qing Du, Dennis Y. C. Leung, Yun Wang and Kui Jiao

Energy Environ. Sci., 2023, 16, 1466
DOI: 10.1039/D2EE03169H

An experimental and numerical study of spatial and temporal catalyst degradation during start-up and shut-down of PEM fuel cells

Yuze Hou, Johannes Schall, Steve Dietze, Timo Kurz and Dietmar Gerteisen

Journal of Power Sources, 2024, 591, 233780
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233780

Performance analysis of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell for different catalyst loadings with circular-cavity type flow field

Sudesh Bekal

Next Research, 2026, 8, 101529
DOI: 10.1016/j.nexres.2026.101529

Pore-scale study of coupled charge, gas, and liquid water transport in the catalyst layer of PEM fuel cells

Shaojun Dou, Liang Hao, Yuanhui Wang and Qianqian Wang

Fuel, 2025, 380, 133141
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133141

LBM studies at pore scale for graded anodic porous transport layer (PTL) of PEM water electrolyzer

Supriya Bhaskaran, Divyansh Pandey, Vikranth Kumar Surasani, Evangelos Tsotsas, Tanja Vidakovic-Koch and Nicole Vorhauer-Huget

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2022, 47, 31551
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.07.079

Porous Flow Field for Next-Generation Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Materials, Characterization, Design, and Challenges

Guobin Zhang, Zhiguo Qu, Wen-Quan Tao, Xueliang Wang, Lizhen Wu, Siyuan Wu, Xu Xie, Chasen Tongsh, Wenming Huo, Zhiming Bao, Kui Jiao and Yun Wang

Chem. Rev., 2023, 123, 989
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00539

Comparative study of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalyst-layer models of PEM fuel cells

Akihisa Tanaka, Gen Inoue and Keisuke Nagato

Journal of Power Sources, 2025, 638, 236612
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236612

Pore-scale parametric sensitivity analysis of liquid water transport in the gas diffusion layer of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

Tao Lai and Zhiguo Qu

Applied Thermal Engineering, 2023, 229, 120616
DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.120616

Optimizing catalyst layer composition of PEM fuel cell via machine learning: Insights from in-house experimental data

Yuze Hou, Patrick Schneider, Linda Ney and Nada Zamel

Energy and AI, 2024, 18, 100439
DOI: 10.1016/j.egyai.2024.100439

Pore-scale modelling of reactive transport processes in catalyst layers with mesoporous carbon supports

Yu-Hao Lu, Wen-Zhen Fang, Zi-Hao Xuan, Guo-Rui Zhao, Kai-Bo An and Wen-Quan Tao

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2024, 159, 108280
DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108280

Structure Design for Ultrahigh Power Density Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Guobin Zhang, Lizhen Wu, Zhiguo Qu, Biao Xie, Wenming Huo, Qing Du, Huizhi Wang, Liang An, Ning Wang, Jin Xuan, Wenmiao Chen, Fuqiang Xi, Zhixin Wang and Kui Jiao

SSRN Journal, 2022
DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4173450

π Learning: A Performance‐Informed Framework for Microstructural Electrode Design

Zhiqiang Niu, Wanhui Zhao, Billy Wu, Huizhi Wang, Wen‐Feng Lin, Valerie J. Pinfield and Jin Xuan

Advanced Energy Materials, 2023, 13
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202300244

Challenges and perspectives towards multi-physics modeling for porous electrode of ultrahigh performance durable polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Ning Wang, Tao Lai, Wenkai Wang, Zhiguo Qu, Xuhui Wen, Guangyou Xie and Wenquan Tao

eTransportation, 2025, 25, 100449
DOI: 10.1016/j.etran.2025.100449

Prediction of the permeability of fibrous porous structures under the full flow regimes

Bingzhu Lai, Zelin Wang, Hui Wang, Junqiang Bai, Wenqiang Li and Pingwen Ming

Physics of Fluids, 2022, 34
DOI: 10.1063/5.0103376

Effects of Nafion content in the catalyst layer of PEMFC on the transport phenomenon among nanoscale particles

Hao Song, Xuanyu Shao, Heng Zhang, Panxing Jiang, Xiaofei Wen and Zhigang Zhan

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2024, 67, 282
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.04.115

Micropillar-patterned electrodes to enhance mass transfer in low Pt-loaded fuel cells

Yuan Wang, Linhao Fan, Yongkang Luan, Qing Du, Yalin Zhang, Xing Li, Meng Ni, Fang Liu, Zhongjun Hou and Kui Jiao

Science Bulletin, 2026, 71, 1703
DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2026.02.020

A unified catalyst layer design classification criterion on proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance based on a modified agglomerate model

N. Wang, Z.G. Qu, Z.Y. Jiang and G.B. Zhang

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022, 447, 137489
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2022.137489

Designing a porous catalyst support to enhance mass transfer for fuel cells using a data-driven pore-scale modeling framework

Xing Li, Linhao Fan, Zhichao Gong, Lei Xing, Jin Xuan, Zhiming Bao, Siyuan Wu, Yuan Wang, Ruiwang Zuo and Kui Jiao

Cell Reports Physical Science, 2025, 6, 102557
DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrp.2025.102557

Nanoscale modelling of compressive stress on oxygen transfer characteristics in catalyst layer of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Hao Wang, Xiaoxing Yang, Qingrong Jia, Guogang Yang, Guoling Zhang, Zheng Li, Lingquan Li and Naibao Huang

Renewable Energy, 2025, 241, 122348
DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.122348

Heterogeneous catalyst-layer model-based analysis of loss mechanisms in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Akihisa Tanaka, Gen Inoue, Keisuke Nagato and Masayuki Nakao

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2024, 86, 1140
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.08.438

Two polytetrafluoroethylene distribution effects on liquid water dynamic behavior in gas diffusion layer of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell with a pore-scale method

Tao Lai and Zhiguo Qu

Energy, 2023, 271, 126920
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.126920

Investigation on the performance of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer coupled with a catalyst layer pore network model

Yiding Zeng, Maji Luo, Chaochao Qin, Cheng Liu and Ben Chen

Energy Conversion and Management: X, 2024, 21, 100523
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100523

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell of integrated porous bipolar plate–gas diffusion layer structure: Entire morphology simulation

Guobin Zhang, Zhiguo Qu and Yun Wang

eTransportation, 2023, 17, 100250
DOI: 10.1016/j.etran.2023.100250

Linking the ionomer film morphology and nanoscale oxygen transport properties in fuel cells

Linhao Fan, Yang Wang, Qing Du, Meng Ni and Kui Jiao

Applications in Energy and Combustion Science, 2024, 17, 100243
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100243

Generative Artificial Intelligence for Designing Multi-Scale Hydrogen Fuel Cell Catalyst Layer Nanostructures

Zhiqiang Niu, Wanhui Zhao, Hao Deng, Lu Tian, Valerie J. Pinfield, Pingwen Ming and Yun Wang

ACS Nano, 2024, 18, 20504
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04943

Structure Design for Ultrahigh Power Density Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Guobin Zhang, Lizhen Wu, Chasen Tongsh, Zhiguo Qu, Siyuan Wu, Biao Xie, Wenming Huo, Qing Du, Huizhi Wang, Liang An, Ning Wang, Jin Xuan, Wenmiao Chen, Fuqiang Xi, Zhixin Wang and Kui Jiao

Small Methods, 2023, 7
DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201537

Hydrophilic-hydrophobic dual catalyst layers for improving low platinum-loaded fuel cell performance

Weikun Du, Linhao Fan, Jiao Han, Bowen Wang, Xing Li, Chasen Tongsh, Zhiming Wang and Shengchun Liu

Journal of Power Sources, 2026, 662, 238771
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.238771

The effect of catalyst layer design on catalyst utilization in PEMFC studied via stochastic reconstruction method

Congfan Zhao, Shu Yuan, Xiaojing Cheng, Zhifeng Zheng, Jia Liu, Jiewei Yin, Shuiyun Shen, Xiaohui Yan and Junliang Zhang

Energy and AI, 2023, 13, 100245
DOI: 10.1016/j.egyai.2023.100245

Effects of liquid water distributions on oxygen transport resistances in catalyst layers: A physics-based model based on pore-scale results

Tao Huang, Yu-Han Xu, Wen-Zhen Fang, Sheng-Yue Shen, Yi Zhu and Wen-Quan Tao

Electrochimica Acta, 2026, 566, 148963
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2026.148963

Tailoring single mesoporous carbon catalyst particles via pore-scale simulation for superior PEM fuel cell performance

Yuze Hou, Kläre Christmann and Nada Zamel

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2026, 245, 155744
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.155744

Advancing next-generation proton-exchange membrane fuel cell development in multi-physics transfer

Guobin Zhang, Zhiguo Qu, Wen-Quan Tao, Yutong Mu, Kui Jiao, Hui Xu and Yun Wang

Joule, 2024, 8, 45
DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2023.11.015

Exploring local oxygen transport in low-Pt loading proton exchange membrane fuel cells: A comprehensive review

Fengman Sun, Qian Di, Ming Chen, Haijun Liu and Haijiang Wang

eTransportation, 2024, 20, 100327
DOI: 10.1016/j.etran.2024.100327

Modeling analysis of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell with regard to oxygen and charge transport under operating conditions and hydrophobic porous electrode designs

Ning Wang, Zhiguo Qu and Guobin Zhang

eTransportation, 2022, 14, 100191
DOI: 10.1016/j.etran.2022.100191

Pt loading-dependent transport kinetics and effectiveness of Pt in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Meihua Tang, Qiang Shan, Yuwen Liu and Shengli Chen

Journal of Power Sources, 2023, 567, 232966
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.232966

Effects of water dynamic behavior on oxygen transport in catalyst layers: A pore-scale study of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Guofu Zou, Wenshang Chen, Jun Shen, Tianqi Yang and Ben Chen

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2025, 164, 108806
DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108806