NiCr-LDH/V4C3 MXene nanocomposites as an efficient electrocatalyst for urea oxidation

Abstract

The quest for highly efficient electrocatalysts for direct urea fuel cells (DUFCs) is vital in addressing the energy deficits and environmental crisis. Ni-based LDHs are widely known for their substantial capability in urea oxidation reactions (UOR). This study involved the synthesis of NiCr-LDH/V₄C₃ MXene nanocomposites (NCVs) and the evaluation of their electrochemical efficiency towards UOR. The hybridization of V₄C₃ with NiCr-LDH improved the redox kinetics of the nanocomposite. NCV-21 achieved a notable efficiency of 10 mA cm⁻² at a lower onset potential of 1.36 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode in a 1.0 M KOH solution containing 0.33 M urea. Furthermore, it demonstrated an enhanced current density of 112.64 mA cm⁻² and long-term durability. The robust interaction and electronic coupling between NiCr-LDH and V₄C₃ MXene, marked by superior current density and significant charge transfer, confers the nanocomposite with remarkable catalytic activity and stability towards substantial urea oxidation performance. Based on the results obtained, the NiCr-LDH/V₄C₃ MXene nanocomposite is an efficient anodic catalyst for urea oxidation. This study will open a new avenue for the development of various LDH/MXene nanocomposites for energy conservation applications.