Advances in nanoporous materials for next-generation battery applications

Abstract

In recent years, nanoporous materials, mainly represented by metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), have shown unparalleled potential in critical applications such as energy storage, gas separation and catalysis. The integration of MOFs/COFs into battery technology has garnered substantial research attention since it was found that such materials also play important roles in batteries. The highly controllable nanoporous features of MOFs/COFs enable the regulation of the solvation environment of lithium ions, thereby significantly improving the performance of lithium metal batteries. Moreover, the selective adsorption features of MOFs/COFs make them particularly useful for stabilising high nickel cathodes and sulfur cathodes. This review provides an overview of the application of MOFs/COFs in batteries, and explores potential future directions and challenges in this rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field.