Issue 45, 2019

Recent advances in hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solutions by adsorptive methods

Abstract

Chromium exists mainly in two forms in environmental matrices, namely, the hexavalent (Cr(VI)) and trivalent (Cr(III)) chromium. While Cr(III) is a micronutrient, Cr(VI) is a known carcinogen, and that warrants removal from environmental samples. Amongst the removal techniques reported in the literature, adsorption methods are viewed as superior to other methods because they use less chemicals; consequently, they are less toxic and easy to handle. Mitigation of chromium using adsorption methods has been achieved by exploiting the physical, chemical, and biological properties of Cr(VI) due to its dissolution tendencies in aqueous solutions. Many adsorbents, including synthetic polymers, activated carbons, biomass, graphene oxide, and nanoparticles as well as bioremediation, have been successfully applied in Cr(VI) remediation. Initially, adsorbents were used singly in their natural form, but recent literature shows that more composite materials are generated and applied. This review focused on the recent advances, insights, and project future directions for these adsorbents as well as compare and contrast the performances achieved by the mentioned adsorbents and their variants.

Graphical abstract: Recent advances in hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solutions by adsorptive methods

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
08 jul 2019
Accepted
13 avg 2019
First published
21 avg 2019
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Adv., 2019,9, 26142-26164

Recent advances in hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solutions by adsorptive methods

V. E. Pakade, N. T. Tavengwa and L. M. Madikizela, RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 26142 DOI: 10.1039/C9RA05188K

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