Cold-resistant, highly stretchable ionic conductive hydrogels for intelligent motion recognition in winter sports

Tongda Lei, Jiajun Pan, Ning Wang, Zhaopeng Xia, Qingsong Zhang, Jie Fan, Lei Tao, Wan Shou and Yu Gao

Mater. Horiz., 2024, 11, 1234
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A tough, anti-freezing, and low-dehydration rate gelatin hydrogel with inverse temperature-dependent ionic conductivity

Aiman Saeed, Syed Farrukh Alam Zaidi, Junyoung Mun, Hyung Koun Cho, Seung-Boo Jung, Nae-Eung Lee, Chun Gwon Park and Jung Heon Lee

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2024, 12, 6213
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Robust hydrogel sensor with good mechanical properties, conductivity, anti-swelling ability, water tolerance and biocompatibility

Airong Xu, Tiantian Sun, Rukuan Liu, Liuzemu Li, Yiming Gong and Zhihong Xiao

Green Chem., 2024, 26, 3926
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Mechanical, robust and conductive eco-friendly self-assembling hydrogel: a novel material for electromagnetic shielding

Yuhuan Xu, Meng Pei, Xiao Zhan, Hongwei Wang, Daohai Zhang and Shuhao Qin

New J. Chem., 2023, 47, 21475
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A wet-resistant and low-temperature self-healing organohydrogel sensor towards direction-recognition and information transmission in extreme environments

Enke Feng, Xiaoqin Li, Mengzhen Zhang, Ying Li and Dailian Wang

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 16950
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One material for many uses: facile construction of hydrogel sensors with strong anti-damage, anti-freezing, and anti-drying properties, cancer-killing ability and biocompatibility

Jingwen Lan, Rukuan Liu, Yiming Gong, Sisi Liu, Zhihong Xiao and Airong Xu

Green Chem., 2025, 27, 3303
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Skin-like hydrogels: design strategy and mechanism, properties, and sensing applications

Lisha Pu, Hui Wang, Yinan Zhao, Zhiang Yuan, Yunqi Zhang, Junjie Ding, Keyu Qu, Wenzhi Sun, Zhongxin Xue, Wenlong Xu and Xiyan Sun

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 8358
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Self-powered wearable sensing devices based on a flexible ammonium-ion battery with fatigue resistance and frost resistance based on a strong and tough hydrogel

Jia Yang, Bin Zhang, Xiyu Tian, Shuzheng Liu, Zhichao Xu, Gengzhi Sun, Gang Qin and Qiang Chen

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2022, 10, 17675
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Multifunctional Biomimetic e-Skin Constructed In Situ on Tanned Sheep Leather as a Multimodal Sensor for the Monitoring of Motion and Health

Yao Yang, Long Wang, Jinwei Zhang, Jin Zhou and Haibin Gu

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2024, 63, 14176
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Ultrastretchable and highly sensitive ionic conductive hydrogel for environmentally resistant all-in-one human-motion sensors

Minmin Zhang, Jie Ren, Ruirui Li, Wenjing Zhang, Yan Li and Wu Yang

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2025, 287, 138567
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Highly elastic, frost-resistant and antimicrobial flexible sensor inspired by ramen noodles for human motion detection and deep learning of handwritten content

Zhenchun Li, Peng Liu, Shaowei Chen, Shiyuan Liu, Bingzhen Wang, Enyuan Cui, Xiangyu Li, Yunwu Yu, Wenhao Pan, Yaxin Gu and Yunxue Liu

Microchemical Journal, 2024, 196, 109614
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Real case: A robust hydrogel strain sensor lifts up 80 kg of a boy volunteer

Yao Hui, Rukuan Liu, Yiming Gong, Jingwen Lan, Youhui Chen, Lijun Wu and Airong Xu

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2024, 419, 136346
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Challenges in functional hydrogel application for chronic tympanic membrane perforation: practical limitations and lessons learned

Gan-Erdene Narantsolmon, Yu-Jung Hwang, Min Ji Kim, Jin Young Hong, Soo Bin Yoon, Bayarmaa Enkhbat, Chang Hee Min, Myoung Ju Kim, Myung-Whan Suh and Young Bin Choy

Biomed. Eng. Lett., 2026, 16, 153
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Multifunctional sodium lignosulfonate/xanthan gum/sodium alginate/polyacrylamide ionic hydrogels composite as a high-performance wearable strain sensor

Minmin Zhang, Jie Ren, Ruirui Li, Wenjing Zhang, Yan Li and Wu Yang

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2024, 261, 129718
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Multifunctional starch-based conductive hydrogels for smart sensors and flexible supercapacitors

Jie Ma, Jiading Zhu, Shixiang Zhou, Cheng Zhao, Cong Liu, Zhe Xin, Jiantao Cai, Jian He, Peizhong Feng, Litong Guo and Xueyu Tao

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2025, 302, 140430
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Current Progress in Conductive Hydrogels and Their Applications in Wearable Bioelectronics and Therapeutics

Bangul Khan, Saad Abdullah and Samiullah Khan

Micromachines, 2023, 14, 1005
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Multifunctional PVA/gelatin DN hydrogels with strong mechanical properties enhanced by Hofmeister effect

Yuchen Zhang, Ying Wang, Yihao Bao, Bencai Lin, Guanggui Cheng, Ningyi Yuan and Jianning Ding

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2024, 691, 133833
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A short linear glucan nanocomposite hydrogel formed by in situ self-assembly with highly elastic, fatigue-resistant and self-recovery

Jinling Zou, Zhiwei Lin, Linjie Zhan, Yang Qin, Qingjie Sun, Na Ji and Fengwei Xie

Carbohydrate Polymers, 2024, 340, 122241
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UCST polymer modified full-dimensional water-repellent cementitious materials with enhanced durability

Xue Li, Ting Zheng, Changyi Tang, Jinyang Jiang, Yingzi Gu and Guoxing Sun

Construction and Building Materials, 2025, 473, 140861
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Engineering Robust Conductive Hydrogel Sensors with Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Practical Applicability

Yao Hui, Rukuan Liu, Tiantian Sun, Liuzemu Li, Yiming Gong, Zhihong Xiao, Airong Xu and Xuefeng Wei

Macromolecules, 2024, 57, 4737
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High-Strength, Freeze-Resistant, Recyclable, and Biodegradable Polyvinyl Alcohol/Glycol/Wheat Protein Complex Organohydrogel for Wearable Sensing Devices

Zhenchun Li, Peng Liu, Shaowei Chen, Shiyuan Liu, Yunwu Yu, Wenhao Pan, Tianwei Li, Ning Tang and Yanfeng Fang

Biomacromolecules, 2023, 24, 3557
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Fire-resistant and low-temperature self-healing bio-based hydrogel electrolytes based on peach gum polysaccharide/sisal nanofibers for flexible supercapacitors

Zuocai Zhang, Nannan Zhu, Qijin Teng, Jingwei Wang and Xuejuan Wan

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2024, 276, 133759
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Flexible human-machine interface touch system based on double-network solid-state ionic conductive elastomers

Wang Zhan, Qi Zhang, Zhilu Ye, Yuhao Wang, Zihao Yang, Yijing Wang, Cuiling Zhang, Zeying Zhang, Li Xue, Feng Ma, Zhiguang Wang, Niancai Peng, Zhuangde Jiang, Yi Lyu, Ming Liu and Xiaohui Zhang

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, 489, 151468
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Hydrogel Sensors in an IoT System for Self-Monitoring and Remote Monitoring of Massage Pressure

Min Chen, Chengwei Wu and Wei Zhang

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2024, 16, 56611
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Preparation of PAMgA/GL/GO antifreeze conductive hydrogel for wearable strain sensor based on physically cross-linked network

Kai Wang, Yutong Zhang, Jiankang Hu, Lidong Yang and Lei Xiao

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2026, 47, 709
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High-Adhesive Hydrogel-Based Strain Sensor in the Clinical Diagnosis of Anterior Talofibular Ligament Sprain

Wenjun Wang, Guanbo Min, Xufeng Jiao, Wang Tingyu, Chengyu Li, Kun Xu, Xuanli Dong, Jiaxuan Wu, Feng Qu, Weiguo Wang, YuSheng Li, Cheng Huang, Wei Tang and Bo Meng

ACS Sens., 2025, 10, 6415
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Functional Hydrogel Strain Sensors for Smart Electronic Devices: Strategies and Recent Progress

Tao Du, Zhihui Zhu, Mianwei Chen, Xiuling Yan and Yao Li

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater., 2024
DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.4c00156

A versatile, highly stretchable, and anti-freezing alginate/polyacrylamide/polyaniline multi-network hydrogel for flexible strain sensors and supercapacitors

Mingjun Yu, Yang Gao, Hengchang Hong, Tao Wang and Zhiping Peng

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2025, 288, 138740
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Recent Progress of Anti-Freezing, Anti-Drying, and Anti-Swelling Conductive Hydrogels and Their Applications

Ying Li, Qiwei Cheng, Zexing Deng, Tao Zhang, Man Luo, Xiaoxiao Huang, Yuheng Wang, Wen Wang and Xin Zhao

Polymers, 2024, 16, 971
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Natural UCST hydrogel with long-term stability, recyclability, thermoplasticity, frost resistance and adhesive properties

Jiakang Zhang, Wencheng Liang and Meidong Lang

European Polymer Journal, 2023, 199, 112414
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Smart versatile hydrogels tailored by metal-phenolic coordinating carbon and polypyrrole for soft actuation, strain sensing and writing recognition

Juan Wang, Peng Du, Yu-I Hsu and Hiroshi Uyama

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, 493, 152671
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Anti-freezing plants inspired zwitterionic hydrogel strain sensor for human motion monitoring

Hui Li, Yuerui Li, Chunxia Zhao, Jinbo Cheng, Yuanpeng Wu, Yuanping Du, Jiaxin He, Man Xiao and Xinru Liu

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2026, 730, 138993
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Dual thermo-responsive multifunctional ionic conductive hydrogel by salt modulation strategy for multilevel encryption and visual monitoring

Long Bai, Yong Jin, Xiang Shang, Hongyu Jin, Wenhua Zeng and Liangjie Shi

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2023, 456, 141082
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Influence of glycerol on mechanical property of polyacrylamide hydrogel

Feng Chen, Hongli Cheng, Yu Shi and Chao Zheng

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A, 2025, 62, 611
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Flexible hydrogel sensor with excellent antibacterial and low temperature frost resistance

Yibo Sun, Zhe Yu, Yiyan Gao, Xiuyan Ren, Lijie Duan and Guanghui Gao

Polymer, 2023, 283, 126282
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Advancements in Starch‐Based Aerogels and Hydrogels for Treatment of Water Containing Heavy Metals – A Short Review

Nikhil Kirti, Arijit Dutta Gupta, Harinder Singh, Hansnath Tiwari and Andreas Blennow

Starch Stärke, 2025, 77
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Extreme condition-resistant flexible triboelectric nanogenerator and sensor based on swollen-yet-enhanced and self-healing deep eutectic gel

Jia Yang, Xiyu Tian, Jiacheng Fan, Bin Zhang, Zhenyang Li, Shuzheng Liu, Zhichao Xu, Gang Qin and Qiang Chen

Polymer, 2023, 283, 126238
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Fully Physically Crosslinked Hydrogel with Ultrastretchability, Transparency, and Freezing-Tolerant Properties for Strain Sensor

Pengbo Shang, Yang Ji and Feng Ji

Materials, 2024, 17, 5102
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Biodegradable, anti-freezing and self-healable hydrogel mulch film for weed control

Shan-Shan Li, Song-Bo Wang, Yu Chen, Qi-Shun Zhu, Ling-Min Lan, Huaitian Bu, Tian Hu and Gang-Biao Jiang

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2023, 462, 142211
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Natural polysaccharides-based smart sensors for health monitoring, diagnosis and rehabilitation: A review

Na Li, Xiao Yu, Da-Peng Yang and Jintao He

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2025, 304, 140966
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Microgel-Reinforced Multifunctional Hydrogel Strain Sensors for Wearable Human Motion Monitoring

Jie Ren, Ziqiong Zhou, Minmin Zhang, Wenjing Zhang, Yan Li and Wu Yang

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater., 2025, 7, 11443
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Highly Tough, Freeze-Resistant, Sensitive, and Recyclable Starch-based Multifunctional Hydrogel Flexible Wearable Sensor for Human Motion Monitoring

Enyuan Cui, Peng Liu, Jiaozhu Yu, Feihong Li, Xiangyu Li, Yaxin Gu, Yunwu Yu, Changxiu Chen, Shihang Wang, Haojing Zhu and Rui Song

J Polym Environ, 2024, 32, 5344
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Physically and chemically crosslinked rare-earth-doped hydrogels with dual fluorescence/conductive sensing abilities

Kunda Yao, Yue Shen, Chao Chen, Fengxiang Qin, Shuyan Song, Xiaochen Dong and Wei Liu

Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 111531
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Electromagnetic shielding materials of highly conductive PVA/PAA/hydrogel cross-linked with MXene

Yuhuan Xu, Meng Pei, Xiao Zhan, Jingyu Du and Daohai Zhang

Progress in Organic Coatings, 2024, 194, 108592
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Enhancing ultrahigh-temperature resistant performance of fracturing fluid: a dynamically crosslinked hydrogel based on zirconium doped β-cyclodextrin - carbon quantum dots and its rheological properties

Chaozong Yan, Zhifeng Luo, Li Shang, Weihua Chen, Fei Liu and Shouwei Zhou

Geoenergy Science and Engineering, 2026, 256, 214131
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High-Performance Zwitterionic Organohydrogel Fiber in Bioelectronics for Monitoring Bioinformation

Jun Xia, Jiabei Luo, Boya Chang, Chuanyue Sun, Kerui Li, Qinghong Zhang, Yaogang Li, Hongzhi Wang and Chengyi Hou

Biosensors, 2023, 13, 115
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Ca2+/ethanol driven in-situ integration of tough, antifreezing and conductive silk fibroin/polyacrylamide hydrogels for wearable sensors and electronic skin

Guangdong Sun, Xiuling He, Haixia Chen, Jinchao Li and Yongqiang Wang

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, 497, 154745
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Conductive Hydrogels with a Bilayer Structure to Realize Multifunctions in Extreme Environments

Xinyue Deng, Wentang Wang, Denglan Du and Chunhui Luo

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater., 2023, 5, 6346
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Designing high performance hydrogel sensor for real-time sensing applications

Jingwen Lan, Yiming Gong, Baining Lin, Airong Xu and Rukuan Liu

Microchemical Journal, 2024, 205, 111272
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Multifunctional PVA/SA-based hydrogels integrating high stretchability, conductivity, and antibacterial activity for human-machine interactive flexible sensors

Wenlong Yu, Jiyu Chen, Qiulei Gao, Yilin Guo, Shiqiang Zhang, Yu Pan, Bangbang Nie, Xiang Zhang, Liying Jiang, Jingjiang Qiu, Zhongwei Guo and Ronghan Wei

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 519, 164695
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Electrochemically synchronized, self-indicating iontophoretic patch with fully eco-degradable and self-powered system

Sung-Geun Choi, Se-Hun Kang, Soo-Hwan Lee, Geonjin Shin, Yu-Lim Lee, Aejin Kim, Joo-Hyeon Park, Sung-Woo Kim, Hyojin Lee and Seung-Kyun Kang

npj Flex Electron, 2026
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